46 Echin. 
XIV. ECHINODERMA. 
[1905] 
forming acids ; Loeb (189) : ditto, development in Asterina , compared 
with Strongylocentrotus and Arbacia ; Loeb (190). — Theory of an- 
tagonistic action of various salts ; Loeb (191). — Artificial fertilisation 
ova of Moera atropos ; Grave (119). — Cytology of parthenogenetic 
larvae of Strongylocentrotus and Echinus ; Driesch (85). — Reply to 
Bohn, G. ; Viguier (328). — Reply to Loisel (193), parthenogenetic 
and fertilized Ech. ova compared; Viguier (329). — See further: 
Bataillon (17) : Bigney (31): Boveri (38) : Ast.; Garbowski (105). 
III. DISTRIBUTION *. 
A. GEOGRAPHICAL. 
i. General :— Distrib. dependent on hydrographical conditions and 
bottom, evidence from Norwegian Echinoderms (pp. 229-244), Astenas 
rubens , transported by tidal current (p. 232) ; Nordgaard (230). — 
Bipolarity discussed with reference to (inter alia) Hoi . after Theel ; 
Borchgrevink (36a) p. 530. — Bipolarity, Psolus squamatus alone 
among Hoi., general discussion of question ; Perrier (249) pp. 65, 
124. 
ii. Atlantic Ocean and adjacent Seas :—Oph. new to this Ocean 
are Ophioglypha Jlagellata, 0. inomata , 0. clemens , Ophiotypa 
simplex, Ophiacantha valenciennesi, many others are listed ; Koehler 
* (159). — Distrib. of Peltaster nidarosiensis ; Grieg (121) p. 11: of 
Pentaaonaster granulans; Grieg (122) p. 11. 
North Atlantic, Sub- Arctic, vide in, a, v ; Doederlein (79 & 80). — 
Iceland, Cucumaria, Trochostoma , Echinocucumis , Benthodytes , 
Strongylocentrotus, Bnssopsis, Dorocidaris , Stereocidaris , Porocidaris, 
Pkormosoma, Calveria, Sperosoma, Echinus, Pourtalesia , Asterias , 
Ctenodiscus , Cribrella , Bathybiaster, Solaster, Hymenaster , Pontaster, 
Astropecten, Goniaster , Zoroaster, Pentagonasler, Himaster, Retaster , 
Parar chaster, Astrogonium, Pteraster, Freyella, Ophioglypha, Ophio- 
pholis, Ophiacantha, Ophiopleura, Ophioscolex , Gorgonocephalus, 
Ophiocten, Ophiactis, Amphiura, Amphilepis , Ophiomusium, Antedon ; 
Schmidt (291) pp. 18-24. — S. of Iceland, Urechinus , Hemiaster, and 
Pourtalesia n. sp. ; Mortenben (220). — Faeroes and Iceland, 
Cucumaria , Psolus, Echinus, Strongylocentrotus, Amphidetus , 
Spatangus , Asterias, Cribrella, Solaster, Ophiopholis, Ophiacantha , 
Ophioglypha; H0RRING (142). 
Norway : — Fauna of fjords ; Nordgaard (230 ). — Synapta & Labidoplax 
n. spp. ; Ostergren (235). — Trondhjem Fjord, locc. for various 
Echinoderms ; Storm (309). 
N. Sea : Echinoderm Plankton. See Bull. d. Resultats Conseil. 
Internat. p. Texplor. de la mer, 1903-04, Nos. 1-4, Partie d. — O ff 
Helgoland, Rhabdomolgus ; Ludwig (196). 
British Coasts : — Firth of Clyde, Auricularia, Bipinnaria, Pluteus ; 
Browne (43). — Luce Bay, various Echinoderms ; Johnstone (147) 
p. 221.— rNear Plymouth, Phyllophorus drummondi, Cucumaria 
montagui ; Norman (232). — Plymouth, Dartmouth, and Galway, 
Ophiopsila ; NorMan (233). — Irish Sea larval Echinoderms ; Scott 
( 296). — Irish Sea, Skerries, Co. Dublin, Comatula, Ophiura , Ophio- 
coma, Uraster, Solaster, Asterias , Echinus , Amphidotus ; Colgan 
( 61). — Ballynakill and Bofin Harbours, Co. Galway, Synapta, 
Cucumaria, Thy one, Holothuria, Antedon, Astropecten , Asteiina , 
For the species found, refer to generic names under IV. 
