DISTRIBUTION. 
Spong. 9 
Economics. — Economic notes on Western Australian sponges ; 
Whitelegge (44). 
III. DISTRIBUTION. 
A. GEOGRAPHICAL. 
a. Marine. 
(i) General. — Oceanographical relations of sponges ; Joubin (14). 
Geographical distribution of Raspailia ; Pick (28) pp. 45 & 46. 
(ii) Atlantic Ocean and Adjacent Seas. — North Atlantic 
Monaxonida collected by the Ingolf Expedition, Esperiopsis , Mycale , 
Asbestopluma , Cladorhiza , Chondrocladia , Artemisina , Ilomceodictya , Den- 
doricella n. g., Myxilla , Lissodendoryx , lophon , Iotrochota , Forcepia, Melo- 
nanchora , in all 69 spp., of which 33 nn. ; Lundbeok (17). 
Skerries, Co. Dublin, list of 10 sponges found ; Colgan (7). 
Straits of Dover, 4 spp. added to the faunistic list; Hallez (11). 
Norwegian fiords, list of 9 spp. of sponges dredged; Nordgaard (25) 
p. 156. 
Lesina Adriatic, Darwinella dalmatica, n. sp. : Coast of France, Cour- 
seulles (Calvados), Pleraplysilla minchini , n. sp. : Azores, Darwinella 
duplex n. sp. ; Topsent (37). 
Adriatic, 7 spp. of Raspailia , 3 nn. ; Pick (28). 
Black Sea, Halichondria , Pellina, Petrosia, Reniera , Pachychalina , 
Esperella , Myxilla , Stylopus , Raspailia , Suberites , Protosuberites n. g., 
Cliona , Koivalewskyella n. g., in all 32 spp., of which 8 nn. ; SvarohevskiI 
(35). 
(iii) Indian Ocean and Adjacent Seas.— Zanzibar, Cape 
Town, and Papeete, Tethya , Tethyopsilla , A ncorina , Sido?iops, Halichondria, 
Reniera , Pachychalina , Siphonochalina , Tedania , Mycale , Dendoryx , Lisso- 
dendoryx, Coppatias , Donatia , in all 20 spp., of which 15 nn., with 
3 n. varr. ; Baer (1). 
Gulf of Manaar and Ceylon seas, Hexadella , Dercitopsis n. g., Plakin - 
astrella , Stceba, Myriastra , Pilochrota , Stelletta , Ecionema , Geodia , Tetilla , 
Craniella , Paratetilla n. g., Discodermia, Aciculites , Taprobane n. g., 
Petromica , Coppatias , Aster opus, Cryptotethya n. g., Tethya , Xenospongia , 
Hymedesmia , Spirastrella , Placospongia , Negombo n. g., Cliona , Suberites , 
Chondrilla, Chondrosia, Gellius , Gelliodes , Toxochalina , Strongylophora 
n. g., Reniera , Petrosia , Halichondria , Trachyopsis n. g., Pachychalina , 
Chalina , Ceraochalina, Siphonochalina, Desmacella, Acanthoxifer n. g., 
Esperella, Paresperella n. g., Iotrochota, Phlceodictyon, Histoderma , Myxilla, 
Clathria, Raspailia , Agelas, Echinodictyum, Aulospongus , Acarnus, Cya- 
mon, Plocamia, Bubaris, Rhabderemia , Spongosorites, Hymeniacidon, 
Thrinacophora, A xinella, Phakellia , Acanthella , Auletta , Leucophloeus, Cio- 
calypta , Collocalypta n. g., Darwinella, Megalopastas n. g., Spongelia, 
Psammopemma, Cacospongia, Euspongia , Hippospongia, Phyllospongia, 
Hircinia, Aplysina, Leucosolenia ( Clathrina ), Leucandra , Heteropegma , in 
all 145 spp., of which 77 nn., with 23 n. varr. : complete list of Ceylon 
sponge-fauna, pp. 230-234 ; Dendy (8). 
Maldives, Darwinella gardineri n. sp. ; Natal Coast, D. warreni n. sp. ; 
Topsent (37). 
Singapore, Cinachyra, Aurora , Ancorina, Spirastrella, Esperella, Rha- 
phidophlus, Aidcna . Gellius , Gelliodes, Spongelia , Petrosia, Reniera, 
Cacochalina, Cladochalina, Pachychalina, Euchalina, Euspongia, Hippo- 
spongia, in all 24 spp. ; Dragnewitsch (9). 
