INTRODUCTION. 
Prot. 5 
may be noticed. Mesnil (294) summarizes our present knowledge relat- 
ing to the nuclear organellro known as chromidia, distinguishing between 
the different kinds ; and Siedlecki (444) discusses at lengtn the significance 
of the characteristic Sporozoan karyosome. Schaudinn (402) and Stempell 
(472) compare the different modifications of the sexual process met with 
among the Protozoa, the former considering also the relation between the 
trophic (vegetative) and generative (sexual) nuclear constituents in the 
different cases. In connection with the physiology of conjugation, 
Calkins (61), who is continuing his valuable research on recuperation 
upon new lines, expresses the quite unexpected idea that not both the 
ex-conjugants (in e.g., Parametrium) are recuperated. 
Another Transatlantic worker to whom’ Protozoan Physiology is greatly 
indebted is Jennings ; in (197) he publishes one of the most thoughtful 
and philosophical contributions to the study of the behaviour of the lower 
organisms that has appeared for some time. The logical conclusion to 
which he finds himself bound to come as the result of his manifold experi- 
ments, is that “ neither the usual movements, nor the reactions to different 
stimuli, of Amoeba (as a type of living protoplasm) have as yet been 
resolved into known physical factors.” It is very instructive to compare 
with this monograph Rhumbler’s efforts (376) to develope satisfactorily 
his mechanical theory of movement in Amoeba, by surface-tension, an 
explanation which Jennings emphatically says will not suffice ; and, in the 
end, Rhumbler himself briefly makes the significant admission, that a 
“Miniaturpsyche”— a form of energy of unknown character — may perhaps 
reside in the Amoeba, though he deprecates the idea of its being necessarily 
metaphysical. Nevertheless, it would seem from this that Rhumbler, also, 
is really, at the end of his labours, no wiser as to the ultimate source of 
vital phenomena than he was at the beginning. In this section the 
Recorder has only to add that there is no end to investigations endeavour- 1 
ing to ascertain the effects of all the “taxies” and “tropisms” upon 
Protozoa ; indeed, what the Zeitschrift allg. Physiol., for example, would 
do, were there no hapless Paramoeda and other Infusoria upon which to 
experiment, it is somewhat difficult to say. 
The ranks of Protozoa which cause disease among higher animals are 
augmented this year by a new member of the Haplosporidia, Rhino - 
sporidium kinealyi , described by Minchin & Fantham (298), this parasite 
producing tumours of the septum nasi of man. Much attention has been 
paid to the alleged Protozoan of variola and vaccinia, “Guarnieri’s bodies” 
or Cytoryctes. Bose (32) continues to publish lengthy descriptions, 
accompanied by unconvincing figures, of his “ bryocytic ” maladies 
(“ maladies k Protozoaires ”), treating this time of small-pox and “ Pla$~ 
modium [sic] variola” Siegel (445) gives a long account of the parasite 
(as Cytorhyctes ), elaborately illustrated with photomicrographs, which 
differs considerably from Calkin’s account (Zool. Rec. 1904 [58]). Further, 
he considers (446) that scarlet-fever is caused by an allied species, and 
(447) syphilis by yet another ( C . luis ), this last conclusion being very- 
different from that arrived at by Schaudinn & Hoffmann and their 
supporters (see above). On the other hand, Prowazek (364 & 365), 
Riccioli (377) and others strongly assail the parasitic nature of Guar- 
nieri’s bodies. Finally, Prowazek (363), after a study of Plasmodiophora , 
finds that no comparison can be made between this parasite and the cell- 
inclusions (“ Plimmer’s bodies ”) in cancerous growths. 
For various works on Geographical Distribution, the papers by Bigelow, 
Cash & Hopkinson, Conn, v. Daday, Earland, Henderson, Jensen, 
J0rgensen, Lemmermann, Massart, Murray, Nordgaard, Penard, 
Sidebottom & West should be consulted ; on Geological Distribution, 
those by Chapman, Chapman & Howchin, Checchia-Rispoli, Cocco, 
Douvill^, Fornasini, Gough, Hucke, Prever, Popofsky, Reade & 
