GROUP RELATIONSHIPS, MISCELLANEA. Prot. 47 
racteristics and constituent forms, Brandt (40). — Phylogeny and classifi- 
cation of the Monopylaria, J0 rgensen (204). 
Classification, origin, and inter-relationships of the different orders of 
Sporozoa considered at length, Crawley (94). — Classification of the Hsemo- 
cytozoa (Hoemosporidia) ; Laveran (240) places all the known forms in 
3 genera, IJcemamoeba , Hcemogregarina , and Piroplasma. 
On the affinities of Piroplasma donovani (cultural forms) with Herpeto- 
monads, Christophers (85) and Leishman & Statham (253). 
Classification of the Microsporidia , Perez (344). — Systematic position 
of Myxocystis defined, Hesse (177 & 179). 
Relationships and systematic position of the Actinomyxidia discussed, 
Caullery & Mesnil (72). 
Constitution of the order Haplosporidia ; mutual relationships of the 
different parasites usually considered as “ Sporozoa incertse sedis,” Caul- 
lery & Mesnil (71). The authors recognize 3 definite families: (a) Hap- 
losporidiidce , including Haplosporidium and Urosporidium , (b) Bertramidae 
for Bertramia and (provisionally) Ichthyosporidium, and (c) GcelospoHdiidce 
for Coelosporidium , Polycaryum, and (perhaps) Blastulidium. Scheviako- 
vella and various Serosporidia are probably closely related to this order, 
Joyeuxella , Metschnikovella , and other forms less so. 
G. Miscellanea. 
1. Cultivation and infection. 
Methods of obtaining and cultivating pond-life Protozoa ( Amoeba , Para- 
mcecium , Euglena and others) for laboratory purposes, Smith (461). 
Artificial cultivation of : Amoebae, Musgrave & Clegg (308) ; Amoeba 
Umax in various media, VahLkampf (492) ; the Amoeba of tropical dys- 
entery ( Entamoeba histolytica ), Lesage (259). 
Successful artificial cultivation, and behaviour and morphological 
characters of the parasites thus obtained, in the case of : Trypanosoma 
lewisi and T. brucii , Smedley (460) ; T. duttoni , Thiroux ' (486) ; T. 
paddoe , Thiroux (485) ; Trypanosomes of birds, Novy & McNeal (323). 
Cultivation of Flagellate (“Trypanosome”) forms from the Leishman- 
Donovan body ( Piroplasma donovani), Chatterjee (80). — Cultures of 
Flagellate forms from Leishman-Donovan bodies develope most rapidly in 
an acid medium ; hence the probability of some blood-sucking Insect 
conveying the infection, Rogers (385). — Mackie (274) thinks the Leish- 
man-Donovan parasites are transmitted rather by the agency of water. 
Transmission of Piroplasma cams by different species of tick in different 
parts (e.g. Ixodes reduvius, Italy (V), Dermacentor reticulatus , France, Hcema- 
physalis leachi , South Africa, Nuttall & Graham-Smith (325). — Trans- 
mission of bovine piroplasmosis (P* bigeminum) by the progeny of ticks 
( Rhipicephalus decoloratus), Laveran & Vall^e (245). — Infection of East 
African Coast fever ( Piroplasma parvum) transmitted by Rhipicephalus 
appendiculatus , Theiler (480). <: 
El-Debab, a trypanosomosis of North Africa, probably conveyed by 
Tabanus ( Atylotus ) nemoralis or T. tomentosus , Sergent (439). — InfectioH 
of a dog by contagion with the Trypanosome of North- African Surra 
(not Dourine), Roger (383). 
Probability of transmission of Hcemogregarina mauritanica from one 
Testudo to another, by means of ticks ( Hyalomma ), but only by the 
hereditary infection of the tick-progeny, Nicolle & Comte (316). 
Review of cases of true hereditary infection by Protozoa, Mesnil (293). 
2. Technique. 
Discussion on various methods of staining Protozoa, Giemsa (157) and 
Marino (280). 
