Avena 
AVENA Lm. Gen. PL Triandeia Digynia 
Cal. 2 valvis, multiflorus : arifla dorfali contorta. 
Rail. Syn. Gen. 27. Herb^ graminifoli^ flore imperfecto culmifer^. 
AVENA elallor paniculata, calycibus bifloris, flofculo hermaphrodito fubmutico, mafculo ariftato. 
Lln. Syjl. Vegetab p. 104. Sp. P/. p. 117. FI. Suec. N. 102. 
AVENA diantha folliculis bafi villofis, majoris arifta geniculata. Haller Hijl. n. 1492. 
GRAMEN nodofum avenacea panicula. Bauh. pin. a. Scheiichz. Agrojl p. 239. 
GRAMEN caninum nodofum. Ger. em. 23. 
GRAMEN caninum bulbofum vulgare. Park. 1075. 
GRAMEN avenaceum elatius, juba longa fplendente Rail. Meth. 1 79. ^yn. p. 406. 4. 
Hudfon. FI. Angi. ed. 2. p. 53. 
Lighifoct FI. Scot. p. 105. 
Oeder FI. Dan, t. 165. 
Schreber Gram. /. i. 
RADIX perennis, fibrofa, fibris plurimis, flexuofis, 
fufcis, intertextis. 
CULMI bi aut tripedales, etiam ultra, eredli, tribus 
quatuorve geniculis purpuralcentibus diftinfti, 
teretes, Iseves, bafi in bulbillos fiEpe excref- 
cente. 
FOLIA caulina, fpithamea, etiam pedalia, duas trefve 
lineas lata, una cum vagina Ilriata, Isevia. 
PANICULA longa, etiam pedalis, ere<Sa, fplendens, 
laxe coardtata, ramulis plurimis, imequalibus, 
fubfecundis. 
SPICUL.rE biflorae, altero flofculo hermaphrodito, 
altero mafculo. jig. i. 
CALYX, Gluma bivalvis, valvulis inaequalibus, 
membranaceis, acutis, albidis, majore nervis 
tribus viridibus, minore unico infignitis.j?^. 2. 
COROLLA maris : valvul* duse, longitudine sequales, 
altera majore, concava, nervis fex viridibus 
notata, apicibus faepius purpurafcentibus, acuta, 
ariftata, Arijla infra medium exferta, fpiculi 
longiore, geniculata, inferne fpiraliter contorta, 
fuperne fetacea ; altera planiufcula, apice 
bicufpidata; valvulae hermaphroditi quoad for- 
mam vix dlfcrepant, at nervus medius prope 
apicem valvuhu exterioris, in ariftam brevem 
excurrit, et bafis ejufdem valvulx pilis plu- 
rimis obtegitur, fg. 3. 4. 
ROOT perennial, fibrous, the fibres numerous, crooked, 
of a brown colour, and matted together. 
STALKS from two to three feet high, or even more, 
upright, having four or five joints of a pur- 
plifh colour, round, fmooth, the bale often 
growing out and forming fmall bulbs. 
LEAVES of the llalk fix or feven inches or even a 
foot in length, from two to three lines in 
breadth, together with the flieath ftriated and 
fmooth. 
PANICLE long, even the length of a foot, upright, 
Ihining, loofely clofing together, branches 
numerous, unequal, growing in fome degree 
to one fide. 
3 PICUL.(F 1 containing two flowers, the one male and 
the other hermaphrodite, fg. i. 
CALYX ; a Glume of two valves, the valves unequal, 
membranous, pointed, whitifii, the largeft 
marked with three and the fmalleft with one 
green ntxvt.fg. 2. 
COROLLA of the male flower ; compofcd of two 
valves, equal in length, the largeft hollow, 
and marked with fix ribs, generally purple 
at top, pointed and bearded ; Beard or awn 
growing out from below the middle of the 
valves, longer than the fpicula, and jointed, 
on the lower part fpirally twilled, on the upper 
briftle lharped, the leall flattifh and termina- 
ing in two points ; the valves of the herma- 
phrodite flofcule dilFer but little from the 
male one as to lhape but the midrib in the 
outer valve runs out into a Ihort awn and the 
bottom of the fame valve is covered with 
numerous hairs. 3. 4. 
NECTARY : two fmall Glumes^ lanceolate, fome- 
what globular at bottom. 
STAMINA: three Filaments very fine. Anthers 
oblong, yellow, and forked. 
PISTILLUM : Germen fomewhat ovate, villous ; 
Styles two, large, very much branched and 
hanging down. fig. 7. 
SEED oblong, fmooth, contained loofely within the 
glumes of the calyx which are hairy at bot- 
tom, fig, 8. 9. 10. 
NECTARIUM GlmmU duse lanccohta:. bafi fubglo- 
bofe. fig. 6' • , • A 
STAMINA: Filamenta tria, capillaria; Anther.® 
oblongge, flavse, bifurcatae. 
PISTILLUM; Germen fubovatum, villofum; Styli 
duo, magni, ramofilfimi, reflexi, fig. 7. 
SEMEN oblongum, lacvc, intra glumas calycinas bafi 
pilofas, liberum fig. 8. 9. 10. 
Frtnorience muft determine how far this Grafs deferves the attention of the Farmer, thus much I may inform 
him that it is one of the earlieft Grafl'es in the Spring, that it produces a great crop, and when cut down after 
Sine it has flower’d afreflr in the autumn, thefe are certamly feme of Ae neceflary requ.fites m a good Grafs 
vet it does not often occur in meadows but is rather fond of growing on banks, in hedges and on the borders of 
Te ds where it is very confpicuoufly in bloflbm in and iepumbcr neverthelefs 1 have occafionally leen it 
growing in Paftures t the only objeaion to it perhaps is its coarfenels, which however Ihould not prevent the Farmer 
SculL feuLfem the upper part of the root or rather bafe of the flalk becomes knobby, and it then forms 
the gSs» caninum nodojum «/Gehakd, this in feme arable Land I have been informed is very troublefome, and 
eradlcrd as Couch ; inllan 4 s often occur in which a valuable plant m one fituation is a perfeS weed in another. 
It is the moft common of all our Oat-graflfes and is therefore not liable to be miftaken for any other of the 
F Sies with refpca to its root, fe does it alfo with regard to its ariftse, qfwhich in general there is only 
onf to each fpicula, but fometimcs each flofcule contained in the fpicula has an anfta, in which cafe one is ufually 
'Xth?v”afe no dwrafter is more inconftant than that of the awn, arift., or l«ard, m feme graflbs whofe charafter 
it fiThtmalka: it is prefent as in the LoHum pcrmne, Jgrfc capdlarn and irrf» ; and m others whofe charafter it 
s i Varmatne it is wanting, as in the Jgrojih canma, the finking alteration m the appearance of the grafs from 
this citcumftauce has often been the caufc of multiplying fpecies unnecefearily. 
