— 110 — 
If Mascarenhas was mvarded, as Grant, and other AA r riters 
affirm, for his discovery of these tAvo islands in 1505, it Avas 
certainly long after the time he is said to haA T e discovered 
them. He Avas more likely reAvarded for his Avarlike and cou- 
rageous attack on Bantam and other places which he subject- 
ed to the authority of Portugal. 
There is also another group of Islands near the Equator 
which bear his name; it Avas common among the early navi- 
gators either to name, or have named after them, various 
islands, and this circumstance has tended to increase the geo- 
graphical confusion so prevalent at this period. There is no 
entire translation of Castanheda, except the extremely rare 
one into Italian by Ulloa ; the first Book only has been tran- 
slated into German 1554, and into French, by Grouchy 1553. 
This Book only has also been translated into English. 
OSORIUS. 
The principal parts of this learned and copious historian 
have been extracted, and translated mostly from the latin for 
this occasion, bearing in the viceroyship of Almeida in India. 
The Avhole of the chief events, vcyages and discoveries during 
his governorship in India; the voyages of Albuquerque, and 
all that is mentioned of Pedro Mascarenhas, until he return- 
ed to Portugal in 1527. (Bks. VIII to XVII) He Avent out, 
Osorius says, in the fleet of Garcia Noronha, the nepheAv of 
Albuquerque, as Captain, about 1511. It appears singular 
that at Cap. XVII there is a mention of the Admiral’s dag 
ship as the St. Denis, in Avliich the Governor Sampayo wished 
to sail, but Avas forced by his rival, Mascarenhas, to go into 
another. The names of the tAvo other A r essels Avere also sin- 
gular, — the St. Louis and the Zamorin . 
The AA'ork of Osorius contains more details of Mascarenhas 
than even the other historians. At the end of the extracts is 
appended a list of all the islands then knoAvn and described 
in this very voluminous work of 20 books, all of Avhich have 
been carefully gone over by me. 
