Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 
Heads 1- or few-flowered, crowded into dense clusters 
resembling single heads ; pappus chaffy . . . . 2. 
Anthers sub-entire at the base, either truncate or appendicu- 
late at the apex ; leaves opposite at any rate below 
(Eupatoriea) : — 
Anthers truncate at the apex . . . . . . 3. 
Anthers appendiculate at the apex : — 
Pappus paleaceous, receptacle sometimes paleaceous . . 4. 
Pappus of slender hairs ; receptacle always naked ; 
bracts of involucre 4 with sometimes a small outer 
one ; scandent . . . . . . . . 5. 
Florets, if homogamous and tubular, yellow ; if heterogamous, 
at least those of the disk yellow; or if none of the florets 
yellow ( Emilia ) then with the bracts of the involucre 1-seriate 
Anthers appendiculate at the apex (Asteroidere ) : — 
Receptacle naked, smooth, or pitted ; sometimes, when 
pitted, the edge of the pit fimbriate : — 
Bracts of involucre in two rows : — 
Anthers sub-entire at the base ; florets all tubular, 
those of the disk purple, of the ray filiform, yellowish 
or white ; pappus none or of 2 bristles ; heads small 
in lax panicled cymes, bracts of involucre in two 
series ; erect herbs . . . . . . 6. 
Bracts of the involucre many-seriate, leaves alter- 
nate : — 
Anthers obtuse and entire at the base ; florets of disk 
tubular with wide limb ; those of the ray filiform- 
tubular or tubular only at the base, expanding into 
small yellowish ligules ; pappus copious and silky ; 
heads in dense corymbose panicles ; climbers . . 7. 
Anthers cleft at the base ; style-arms of hermaphro- 
dite flower filiform, linear, or obtuse, or those of the 
sterile flowers undivided (Inuloidece ) : — 
Flower-heads medium-sized ; separate, solitary, or 
in corymbose or paniculate cymes, not in globose 
clusters, if clustered the cypselas with copious soft 
pappus : — 
Herbs ; bracts of involucre narrow ; flowers not 
corymbose : — 
Anther-cells tailed at the base, the tails of 
adjacent anthers confluent . . . . 8. 
Anther-cells sagittate at the base, not tailed 
or connate.. .. .. ..9. 
Shrubs ; bracts of involucre broad ; flowers 
corymbose . . . . . . . . 10. 
Flower-heads small, clustered in dense ovoid or 
globose masses ; herbs with winged stems ; pappus 
none . . . . • • • • 11- 
Bracts of the involucre 1-seriate, sub-equal, free or 
united, with sometimes a few short outer bractlets 
23 
Elephantopus. 
Adenostemha. 
Ageratum. 
Mikania. 
Dichrocephala. 
Microglossa. 
Blumea. 
Laggera. 
Pluchea. 
Sph^ranthus. 
