Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 27 
Bijdr. 889 and 890. Gentratherum chinense, Less, in Linnsea (1829) 
320. Synanthera, Wall. Cat. 7136. 
Penang : J. Scott ; Curtis 931 ; King ; Deschamps ; Malacca : 
Cuming ; Griffith; Hullett 634. Singapore: King. — Distrib. Malay 
Archipelago, Philippines. 
3. Vernonia cinerea, Less, in Linnasa, IV. 291, and VI. 673. 
Herbaceous, erect, 6 to 18 in. high, with more or less minute whitish 
pubescence everywhere ; stems slender, striate. Leaves membranous 
with variable petioles, ovate or lanceolate, sometimes obovate or oblan- 
ceolate, the apex obtuse or acute, the edges obtusely or acutely toothed, 
the base narrowed, both surfaces olivaceous-cinereous when dry, the 
upper glabrous or nearly so, the lower more or less cinereous-pubes- 
cent ; length 1-5 to 3 in. ; breadth -3 to - 5 in. ; petiole '1 to - 5 in. (in 
the lower leaves). Heads -2 to -25 in. in diam., on 10- to 20-flowered, 
loose, terminal, long-peduneled, corymbose cymes with divaricate 
branches ; bracts of peduncle very few. Involucral scales linear-lan- 
ceolate, acuminate or almost awned, shorter than the florets, 1-nerved, 
•1 in. long, densely pubescent. Corolla pubescent, the tube very narrow 
lavender. Cypselas minute; pappus copious, dirty white, the outer row 
very short. DC. Prod. V. 24, in Wight Contrib. 6 ; Wall. Cat. 3008 ; 
Hook. fil. PI. Br. Ind. III. 234 ; Miq. PI. Ind. Bat. II. 11 ; Prain 
Bengal Plants, 590. V. conyzoides, DC. in Wight Contrib. 6; Prod. 
V. 25. V. rhomhoidea and V. montana, Edgew. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 
XX. 62. V. albicans, DC. in Wight Contrib. 6 (in part) ; Wight 
Ic. 1076. V. abbreviata and leptophylla, DC. l.c. 25. V. laxiflora, 
Less, in Linnsea, VI. 646 ; DC. l.c. 25. V. physalifolia, DC. in 
Wight Contrib. 6 ; Prod. FI. Pen. Ind. Or. 24. V. parviflora, linifolia, 
and fasciculata, Beinw. in Bl. Bijdr. 893. V. Z oiling eriana, Schultz- 
Bip. in Miq. PL Ind. Bat. II. 16. V. cyanonioides, Walp. in Linnaia 
XIV. 509. Gonyza abbreviata, Wall. Cat. 3048 ; C. bcllidifolia, id. 
3047 ; cinerascens, 3062 ; incana, 3046 ; linifolia, 3063 ; elegantula, 3049 ; 
ovata, 3097, and sub-simplex, 3003. C. cinerea, Linn. Sp. PI. 862 ; 
Wall. Cat. 3008. C. prolifera and C. heterophylla, Lam. Encyl. II. 84. 
Serratula cinerea, Boxb. Hort. Beng. 60. Chrysocoma purpurea, Porst. 
Prod. 54. C. violacea, Schum. PI. Guin. 384. Cyanopis decurrens, 
Zoll. 
In all the provinces, in waste places near cultivation. — Distrib. 
All tropical countries. 
2. Elephantopus, Linn. 
Perennial rigid herbs. Leaves alternate, sessile, penninerved, entire 
or dentate, mostly radical. Heads homogamous, each containing 1 to 5 
