96 
THE MEDITERRANEAN NATURALIST 
ties, as well as the scientific and commercial men 
at Valletta, will not to allow such a practical 
suggestion to fall unheeded to the ground, and 
that the local press will generously reproduce 
these considerations to the greatest extent, insist- 
ing on their immediate actuation for the service 
of suffering humanity. A few thousand o als 
would suffice to carry out this plan and that > a 
practical and moreover, remunerative mann r, 
once started the mineral-water and vapour bat ha 
alike would become very popular, and v> ould he 
patronized by many distinguished military - 
on their way home from India, burdened v .1 
various painful affections resulting from exposuie 
to climate, and would enable them to return 
England to pass the evening of life cm their own 
beloved shores, invigorated in body and brighter 
in spirits. 
I will not here repeat all I have elsewhere 
written on the subject of Pantelleria, or indeed of 
the mineral wealth and the mineral Springs of 
Sicily in general, but refer the reader to the 
volumes already published. * We will novv giv o a 
rapid glance at them. 
To the east of the island, round the lake, are the 
thermo-mineral waters known to the inhabitants 
under the name of Le Candareddi de lu Bayo u. 
The Bagnu , improperly so called, is simply an 
ancient volcanic crater, formed of vitreous rocks 
about a mile in circumference: it is not far 
from the Bagno Secco. Owing doubless to the 
admixture of rain water, the temperature is lower 
than that of the Candareddu de lu Bagnu. 
Northwards of this is the A- qua della Gratia d/i 
Gadir, consisting of several springs close to the 
seashore, and owing their therm ality and mine- 
ralization simply to the chemical decomposition of 
liparite and cossyrite in the presence of atmospheric 
influences. 
About 12 miles from the town of Pantelleria, and 
at the S. W. end of the island, is the Acqua della 
Gala Nita , the most highly thermalized of any, a 
fact which is due to the decomposition of the white 
liparite: it is therefore easy to account for 
* Jervis, G. — I Tesori soUerranei dell Italia Vo/. 
Ill, — Le Isole, illustrated. 
Jervis, G —G uid 'a alle Acque Miner ali dell Italia 
a Meridionale, illustrated , 
the thermality of the sea itself in this precise 
locality. 
The Acqua dJ Porto di Saura Basso, on t lie 
same side ol the island, some 5 miles nearer the 
town, is also very hot. 
Proceeding northwards along the west coast, 
some 5 miles 
known as the 
to have been 
Arabs. This 5 
sea or land, 1 
from the town, is the hot spring 
Acqua salina di Bata ria, supposed 
used for baths by the Romans or 
pot is rather dilticult of access by 
eing situated in a grotto. The water 
comes out of pumice stone underlying liparite, 
but it doubtless derives its-high temperature and 
mineral constituents from this latter rock. 
•do, or emanations of 
eating the subterranean 
decomposition in the 
:1 the Bagno secco. This 
i in the midst of the 
or Sudatorium. The 
n ployed by the Arabs 
mother fumaiolo , called 
Next 
COl 
ne 
the 
fuman 
aqueous 
vap 
our 
, simply indi 
seat of 
stre 
mg 
ch 
lemical 
volcanic 
roc- 
I'O 
K.S, 
an< 
1 termec 
is situate 
id ii 
i a 
litt 
le grotto 
rock, ai 
nd 
for 
ms 
Stufa 
di Khasc 
in, was 
for: 
tnerly en 
Stuja as 
a S 
uaator 
ium. A 
the* Fare 
ira 
Grc 
tiich 
e is met 
of Mont 
e R 
USS 1 
0 . 
As to 
the 
mi 
n.er 
als met 
Pan teller 
ia, 
me 
nti< 
9n may 
formed in the ancient J'umaioli, but in quantities 
too insignificant to be of any economic importance. 
Such is the quantity of alkaline bicarbonates in 
the waters of the Candareddu de lu Bagnu, and 
j the Cala Nita as to react powerfully upon the 
! silica of the rock in contact with them. It is 
first transformed into soluble gelatinous silica, and 
then deposited in the form of dirty white or gray 
opal. Obsidian is common among the volcanic 
products, and is clue, as it well known, to the 
rapid cooling of the rock, such as takes place in 
submarine eruptions, similar to the one which 
manifested itself this autumn. Pozzolana and 
pumice stone are also common, besides minerals 
of purely scientific interest. But here I will 
stop for the present, hoping to persuade Prof. 
Cooke to devote some time to a visit to Pantel- 
leria in order to enlarge our acquaintance with 
the geology of this interesting island. 
Turin G. Jervis. 
