THE MEDITERRANEAN NATURALIST 
133 
and the Lower Coralline limestone attains thegreat- 
est thickness, and is the richest in organic remains. 
All of the fossils contained in the seams are 
indigenous to the formation. The nodules are of 
all shapes and sizes, and their exterior surfaces, 
usually, present an exceedingly wrinkled and 
coriaceous appearance. 
With the exception of the one at the junction 
of the Lower Limestone and the Globigerina bed, 
these nodule seams are, by no means, uniformly 
distributed throughout the island. The lowest 
seam is important both an account of its persist- 
ence, and of the invariable character of the orga- 
nic remains that it contains. 
(to be continued.) 
Mediterranean Lepidoptera. 
While serving a three years’ commission on 
board one of H. M. Ships in the Mediterranean 
opportunities presented themselves to me of 
insect hunting at various parts on that Station. 
Of one place, Marmarie, that we visited 
probably very little is known and I much re- 
gretted that circumstances prevented me taking 
more than two walks there for Entomological 
purposes. This bay seems to be an ideal spot 
for the purpose, lowljdng and well-watered woods, 
and plains, as well as lofty hills more or less 
tree covered being within easy reach from the 
landing place. Among the low-lying woods which 
are principally composed of gum trees I noticed a 
single specimen of Vannessa antiopa , as well as an 
especially large number of Papilio podalirius , 
Hipparchia ailionia, and Hyper ompa her a. At 
the back of the village in a fig orchard near a 
watercourse, I captured an absolutely perfect 
specimen of Papilio machaon , the only one of the 
species seen. Limenitis Camilla is also found 
here as a very local insect but plentiful where 
occurring at all. Amongst the Blues I caught 
boeticus , argiolus telicanus , astrarche , and icarus 
var: icarinus. 
Navarino is another place that from a Lepi- 
dopterists point of view would well repay a visit. 
The country here is not so varied as at Marmarice 
and it is as -well to confine attention to the plains 
and gullies only. On them in large numbers are 
found 2d elites dldyma var:, Colzas edusa , Papilio 
Machaon and podalirius, and more rarely Gonev- 
tervx rhamni and cleopatra. 
At Spezia the characters of the insects is con- 
siderably different, Hymphalidce and Hespeiidce 
being the most generally found. The Satirince are 
especially well represented by Hipparchia briseis 
and ailionia , Gcenonympha arcania taid pamphilus 
var etc. Leucophasia sinapis and erysime are 
also frequent. 
Of the seventeen butterflies known to inhabit 
Malta I have caught between March and May, 
Oieris brassiccs , rapee, and daplidice , Celias edusa , 
Papilio Machaon var : Sphyrus, Lasio nmaia 
megara, Epinephile hispidla, Gcenonympha, Pam- 
philus (and a var:), Vanessa Cardui Chrysophanus 
Phloeas, and Polyommatus icarus and boeticus; and 
have seen Gonepteryx rhamnis, Vanessa atalanta, 
and Colias edusa var: helice; leaving unaccounted 
for Gonepteryx cleopatra , La&iommata egeria , and 
Poiyomma tus astrarche. 
Colias hyale has been reported as occuring at 
Malta but probably by mistake for C. helice. 
Many varieties of butterflies are found on the 
syringas and flowering shrubs and bushes generally 
in the King’s Gardens and around the lagoon at 
Corfu. More Especially Limenitis Camilla , 
Vanessa atalanta, Satyrus roxeiana, Melitce did- 
yrna , Pamphila sylvanus, and Thymelicus actceon, 
in the King’s Gardens and Colias Edusa , Papilio 
machaon, Pieris daplidice, and Hipparchia semele 
by the lagoon. Two specimens (male and female) 
of Papilio alexojior were caught by a friend of 
mine while driving along a high road. 
Malamocco which is not much better than a 
sandbank has as might be expected little more 
than Polyommati and Ccenonympha but there are 
scattered specimens of Lasiommata megara, Pieris 
rapee and Laplidice, and locally a few Hesperidce^ 
There is a happy hunting ground up the valleys 
to the west of Trieste. Aporia crathcegi, Poly- 
ommatus adonis and cegcn , and various species of 
Melitcea and Thecla being the most frequent be- 
sides a few Colias hyale , Satyrus adrasta, Argyn- 
Laphne , and Polyommatus alcon , 
At Cattaro the weather was too hot (96" in the 
shade at 4.0 p.m.) to be energetic otherwise proba- 
bly the result of a day's work would have been 
very satisfactory as vegetation is luxuriant. 
