APPENDIX. 
ioi 
in the centre of a number of brown, lanceolate scales, and without 
a trace of indusium ; while the latter were composed of five or 
six or more flask-shaped bodies, each one larger than the bulbils 
aforesaid, and seated within an undoubted indusium. The 
masses were sufficiently large for their formation to be clearly 
distinguishable by the naked eye, covering more than the 
space of an ordinary sorus. At this stage no signs of spores or 
spore-cases could be detected, nor could any axis of growth 
be perceived ; so that it was impossible to form any theory as 
x 
[Note. — The above reduced cartoon represents a series of bulbils, 
the study of which led up to the discovery of apospory, the absence 
of the scales shown on the last type (Dorsal bulbil), and the 
presence of an indusium in their stead in the case of A. f. f. 
Clarissima giving the clue to the prothallic nature which was finally 
established by culture. The central illustration, by reduction, is 
shown of the natural size, and represents the first discovery of 
bulbils on primary fronds.] 
to the eventual mode of reproduction which rr/ght result; for 
although the tips of the flask-shaped pseudo-bulbils were in 
some cases elongated into filiform processes, no sign of circination 
or resemblance to fronds was visible ; added to which, the 
presence of an indusium, in the place of the scales common to 
true bulbils, led to the assumption that they were abnormal 
sporoid growths, and not proliferous ones, likely to produce 
plants by direct bud-growth. 
