104 
Miscellaneous Notices . 
[March 
conductors of heat as are usually had recourse to for the same purpose in the pits. 
After closing the mouth of the pit and making it quite air tight, the mound or cylin- 
der might be well coppered over. Should this mode prove successful in preserving 
oranges, only for one month after the setting in of the hot winds, when there is no 
longer a single orange in the Bazar, there could be no doubt but the price then 
obtainable, would most amply repay the cost of the experiment. Should the plan 
even so far answer, it would seem to hold out the prospect of much more general 
utility. Mangoes, Pineapples, and most descriptions of fruits, would bear the same 
treatment; and in a far greater degree, potatoes and all tuberous rooted vegetables. 
“ First dig a trench or pit, tothedeptli of seven or eight feet, in a dry bank, shelter- 
ed from rain. Make a bed at the bottom, two or three inches thick, of chopped rice 
straw, of the leaves of the pine tree, well dried, and lay well picked, sound Oranges 
on the bed, so as not to touch each other. The first layer being thus completed, 
make a second upon a stage of bamboos a little above the under layer, and so on 
a third and fourth, &c. each being on a separate bamboo stage. All the Oran°-es 
being thus arranged, stop the mouth of the pit with a tile, securing its sides with 
several coats of clay that no air may be admitted to the Oranges^. In this way 
Oranges can be kept perfectly fresh for six, eight, or ten months.” — Gr osier’s China, 
vol.2, p.448. ’ 
Madras Astronomical Observations. 
Several volumes of observations, made by the Honourable Company’s astronomer 
at Madras have been given to the public. They extend back twentv years, and will 
doubtless be considered of much value and interest by the astronomers of Europe 
but more particular y by our Indian surveyors, to whom indeed thev must prove a 
mine of geographical results. To the latter, the most interesting of course are the 
observations of Jupiter’s satellites, of the transits of the moon, and of occupations 
of fixed stars. We tear, however, that there are many important misprints, which if 
it be the case, is much to be regretted. Our reason for saving so, is founded on the 
following comparisons, which were made to determine the difference of longitude 
between Madras and a meridian, wlncli, by comparison of a great number of obser- 
vatmns with the calculated times, as given in the Nautical Almanac, appeared to be 
oh. Jm. o4s. E. of Greenwich. I lie following table gives the particulars. 
Emersions, Jupiter's 1st Satellite. 
Year, 
1814 
1816 
181/ 
1819 
1820 
Month. 
April, .... 
May, .... 
June, .... 
Do 
Do. . .... . . 
October, . . 
November, 
December, 
November, 
1817 ]April, 
1817 May, 
1819 April, 
Do. .. 
J une, 
1220 May, 
Date. 
M. T. at unknown 
meridian. 
M. T. at Madras. 
25 
h. 
m. 
s. 
h. 
m. 
s. 
h. 
7. 
58. 
29. 
8. 
5. 
31.6 
0. 
2 
9. 
53. 
45. 
10. 
4. 
57. 
0. 
17 
8. 
27. 
27.3 
8. 
39. 
33.1 
0. 
13 
9. 
23. 
37. 
9. 
34. 
37.9 
0. 
30 
7. 
35. 
25.9 
7. 
53. 
21.6 
0 
23 
7. 
39. 
48.1 
7. 
50. 
32.9 
0. 
15 
7. 
56. 
02. 
8. 
7. 
377 
o 
1 
6. 
16. 
24.4 
6. 
27. 
33.2 
o 
10 
9. 
17. 01.3 
Immersions . 
9. 
28. 
10.4 
0. 
10 
14. 
6. 
43. 
14. 
17. 
52.4 
o 
12 
10. 
39. 
26.6 
10. 
50. 
01 3 
0 
18 
14. 
46. 
16.6 
14. 
57. 
59.8 
0. 
25 
16. 
39. 
44,4 
16. 
51. 
48. 
o 
3 
15. 
04. 
29. 
15. 
16. 
10.5 
0 
22 
14. 
46. 
15.6 
14. 
57. 
43.5 
0. 
Dim 
ere nee. 
n 
4 . 
11 . 
s. 
02 . 
12 . 
11. 35.7 
11. 8.76 
11. 41.5 
11. 27.9 
cult to know 7hat con'ln LTto draw" *WTX 0U " “* * * dffl- 
coluismn evident, from the dose agreTme^b;^ bcl ° D S to the Madras 
column exhibit, when compared with the N. A.* C * ^ ot>servat ions in the other 
