BIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF WOODS HOLE AND VICINITY. 
Echindrachnius parma — Continued . 
dead), 7733 (1 small shell), 7734 (few shells), 
7735 ( 2 shells), 7736 (several shells), 7740 (few 
dead), 7741 (1 small dead), 7744 (few small 
shells), 7750 (1 shell), 7751 (1 shell), 7732 (1 
shell), 7753 (few living and shells), 7761 (few 
medium sized, living), 7771 (1 dead), 7774 
(few shells), 7779 (2 small living, 3 dead), 7780 
(1 shell), 7782 (1 shell), 7783 (1 shell). Supple- 
mentary stations (1909): 7660 (1 fragment), 
7668 (few small living), 7672 (several small 
dead). 
Phalarope and Blue Wing stations: 2 (2 dead), 
3 (few, very small), 4 (1), 6 (x small, dead), 7 
(few fragments), 8 (1 dead), 9 (1 shell), 10 (1 
shell), 11 (1), 15 (1 living), 16 (dead), 18 (1 
dead), 23 (several small living), 25 (1 dead), 
26 (1 dead), 29 (1), 33 (several living), 40 (few 
shells), 41 (few dead), 42 (few dead), 52 (many), 
S3 (1 dead), 60 (1 small living), 61 (1 fragment), 
62 (few dead), 64 (few small dead), 65 (1 very 
small dead), 66 (few dead) 67 (few shells), 73 
(1), 74 (few small living), 83 (1 shell), 99 (1 
dead), 101 (1 shell), 111 (1 small), 118 (1 shell), 
122 (1), 163 (1 fragment). Supplementary sta- 
tion (1909): 83 (several small dead). 
613 
Echinarachnius parma — Continued . 
Eggs artificially fertilized as early as March 22; 
“ breeding abundantly ” early in April . — Mead. 
Continues to breed throughout June and the 
early part of July, and a limited number of 
eggs may be secured even during the later por- 
tions of the summer. — Bumpus. 
Large numbers of this species are consumed by 
flounders. — Verrill. Also by the cod. — Clark. 
Verrill states that the fishermen of Maine and 
New Brunswick prepare an indelible marking 
ink from the spines and skin. 
Mellita quinques perforata (Leske). Keyhole ur- 
chin. 
Verrill and Smith, 1873, p. 717, 427 ( Mellita pen- 
tapora and iestudinaria ); Clark, 1904, p. 565 
( Mellita pentapora); 1905, p. 8 ( Mellita penta- 
pora). 
Vineyard Sound, 5 to 8 fathoms, on sandy bot- 
tom; rare, and only dead specimens taken. — 
Verrill. Nantucket. — Agassiz, cited by Ver- 
rill. One taken in Vineyard Sound during 
summer of 1901. — G. M. Gray, cited by Clark. 
Not encountered during the Survey dredging. 
Class HOLOTHURIOIDEA. 
Family Cucumariid/E. 
Cucumariaf rondosa (Gunnerus). Sea cucumber. 
Clark, 1904, p. 566; 1905, p. 9. 
Off Sankaty Head, in 12 to 25 fathoms, several 
specimens taken. — Clark. Considerable num- 
bers taken on halibut lines by V. N. Edwards, 
in same general region during summer of 1906. 
Ripe gonads observed in August. — Clark. 
This holothurian is said by Stimpson to be very 
palatable when boiled. 
Cucumaria pulcherrima (Ayers). 
Verrill and Smith, 1873, p. 715, 420, etc. ( Penta - 
mera pulcherrima)’, Clark, 1904, p. 567; 1903, 
p. 9. 
Nobska point and beach, washed ashore, abun- 
dant. — Verrill, Clark. Buzzards Bay bathing 
beach, near breakwater, a number cast ashore 
in winter of 1903. — Gray, cited by Clark. 
Nearly all of the specimens recorded for this 
region were cast up on beaches after storms. 
Verrill concludes that they “doubtless live in 
the sand in shallow water a short distance off 
the beach,” though he also records their hav- 
ing been dredged at 4 or 5 fathoms. Mr. Gray 
likewise reports the occurrence of this species 
on Ram Island, where he has found it living 
Cucumaria pulcherrima — Continued. 
among the roots of eelgrass. A single specimen 
was dredged by the Survey near the west shore 
of Buzzards Bay, at a 1909 repetition of Phala- 
rope station 165. 
The reproductive condition of those taken seems 
to indicate that breeding occurs in the late 
winter or early spring. — Clark. 
Thyone briareus (Lesueur). 
Verrill and Smith, 1873, p. 713, 362, etc.; Mead, 
1898; Clark, 1904, p. 567; 1903, p. 10. 
Buzzards Bay, Vineyard Sound, off Waquoit; 
muddy and sandy shores and bottoms; more 
common, however, in shallow water, off shore, 
on shelly bottom; 1 to 10 fathoms. — Verrill. 
Hadley Harbor, Waquoit, Cuttyhunk. — Clark. 
Vineyard Sound, in eastern third, a few sta- 
tions; two stations in Buzzards Bay; 2 to n 
fathoms, on bottoms of sand and mud. — Sur- 
vey. 
Fish Flawk stations: 7538 bis*, 7674 (1). 
Phalarope stations: 2 (?i), 3*, 9*, 156* (1 small). 
Collected by G. M. Gray in December and March 
as well as in summer. Full of nearly ripe eggs 
andsperm, April 24. — Mead. Probably breeds 
during June and July. — Bumpus. Apparently 
breeds in summer. — Clark. 
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