BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 
702 
Zirphcea crispata— Continued. 
Cuttyhunk at Phalarope station 33* (5 fath- 
oms, hard mud and gravel); 1 shell taken at 
Fish Hawk station 7718* (14 fathoms, sand and 
shells). 
Family TEREDiNimE. 
Teredo navalis Linnaeus. Ship-worm. 
Gould, 1870, p. 28; Verrill and Smith, 1873, p. 
669, 384, etc.; Dali, 1889, p. 74. 
Local waters generally, infesting piles, buoys, 
pound stakes, lobster pots, and every sort of 
floating or submerged woodwork. Of great 
abundance and rapid growth, constituting a 
serious pest to shipping and the fisheries. 
Pieces of wood inhabited by this mollusk 
dredged by the Survey in Vineyard Sound at 
13 to 15 fathoms (Fish Hawk stations 7564* and 
7565). In the former of these cases, at least, 
a living specimen was found. 
According to Verrill, the eggs are exceedingly 
numerous, probably amounting to millions. 
These are retained in the gill cavity during 
Teredo navalis — Continued. 
the first stages of development; they are liber- 
ated in May and probably throughout the rest 
of the summer, larvae being taken at the sin- 
face in May and June. (For a good account 
of the natural history of this animal, see Verrill 
and Smith, 1873, p. 383-387.) 
Teredo megolara Hanley. 
Gould, 1870, p. 31; Verrill and Smith, 1873, p. 
670, 387, etc.; Dali, 1889, p. 74. 
Newport and New Bedford, occurring in cedar 
buoys and floating pine wood. — Gould. 
Teredo thomsoni Tryon. 
Gould, 1870, p. 32; Verrill and Smith, 1873, p. 
670, 387, etc.; Dali, 1889, p. 74. 
Found in great numbers on marine railway at 
New Bedford; also in cedar buoys. — Gould, 
after Tryon. 
Teredo sp. undetermined. 
Vineyard Sound, at Fish Hawk station 7550; 12 
fathoms. (Probably one of the foregoing 
species.) 
Class AMPHINEURA. 
Family Ischnochitonid.E. 
Trachydermon ruber Carpenter. 
Gould, 1870, p. 260 ( Chiton ruber; not listed for 
this region); Verrill and Smith, 1873, p. 662, 
399, etc. (sometimes referred to as Leptochiton 
ruber); Dali, 1889, p. 172. 
‘‘Rare and local in the colder outer waters south 
of Cape Cod”; living on rocks which are cov- 
ered with red nullipores; not listed specifically 
for this region. — Verrill. Mr. Gray reports its 
occasional occurrence in the ‘‘gutters” near 
Hadley Harbor. A single specimen was dredged 
by the survey at Phalarope station 116* (near 
Penikese Island, 4 fathoms, gravel and sand). 
Chcetopleura apiculata Carpenter. [Chart 161.] 
Gould, 1870, p. 258 ( Chiton apiculatus ); Verrill 
and Smith, 1873, p. 661, 399 (also referred to as 
Leptochiton apiculatus ); Dali, 1889, p. 172. 
Nantucket. — Gould. Vineyard Sound and Buz- 
zards Bay. — Verrill. Distribution general 
throughout the eastern half of Vineyard Sound; 
in Buzzards Bay and the western half of the 
Sound it is restricted to the inshore stations. — 
Survey. Dredged in 2 to 15 fathoms, on various 
bottoms ; more frequent among stones or shells, 
and less common where mud is present. This 
species, when alive, is invariably found cling- 
ing to other solid objects. Nearly all of the 
Chcetopleura apiculata — Continued. 
specimens dredged were living. One was col- 
lected by Mr. J. W. Underwood on a shell occu- 
pied by Pagurus pollicaris, taken along shore 
at Nobska Point. 
Fish Haw'k stations: 7522 (2), 7522 bis (2), 7523 
(few), 7323 bis (few), 7524 (few), 7524 bis (1), 
7527 (few), 7528 (few), 7530 (1), 7530 bis (2), 
7531 bis (few), 7533 bis (1), 7536 (1), 7537 
(numerous), 7537 bis (1), 7539 (1), 7541 (2), 7544 
(few), 7545 (few), 7547 bis (2), 7550 (1), 7551 bis 
(many), 7554 bis (1), 7560 (1), 7572 (1), 7581 
(few), 7621 (few), 7626 (1), 7628 (2), 7630 (1), 
7634 (several), 7635 (several), 7648 (several), 
7659 (few), 7672, 7675 (1), 7743 (1), 7744 (2), 
7745 (*)> 7746 (1 small), 7753 (1), 7757 (1), 
7760 (1), 7761 (1), 7762 (several), 7766 (2), 7768 
(1) , 7769 (2), 7773 (1), 7776 (2), 7777 (few), 
7778 (few), 7780 (1), 7783 (several). 
Phalarope stations: 2 (2), 5 (2), 7 (1), 9 (1 young), 
12 (2), 15 (1), 32 (1), 52 (several), 62 (1), 65 (2), 
68 (1), 69 (1), 70 (abundant), 71 (abundant), 72 
(many), 81 (few), 82 (several), 83 (2), 84 (sev- 
eral), 107 (1), no (1 small), 114 (1), 118 (1), 123 
(2) , 128 (2), 132 (many), 134 (1), 141 (1), 142 
(1), 144 (common), 145 (few shells), 147 (1), 148 
(several), 149 (several shells), 150 (1), 151 (1), 
158 (few), 167 (several). 
