BIOLOGICAL SURVEY OP WOODS HOLE AND VICINITY. 
731 
Ciona intestinalis — Continued . 
been recorded during the survey dredging, 
though Verrill states that it occurs on dead 
shells, etc., at a depth of 20 fathoms. 
“Ripe” throughout May (Bumpus); in July 
(F. W. Bancroft). Eggs were fertilized 
throughout September, and as late as the 3d of 
October, 1909, by Prof. T. H. Morgan. 
Family Botryllid/E. 
Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas). 
Gould, 1870, p. 3 (no local records); Verrill and 
Smith, 1873, p. 702, 375 ( Botryllus gouldii ); 
Bumpus, 1898b ( Botrullus gouldii); Van 
Name, 1910, p. 350. 
Woods Hole Harbor, on Revenue wharf, Eel 
Pond, Waquoit Bay, Tarpaulin Cove, also 
on floating eelgrass in the open Sound. Very 
abundant locally, encrusting eelgrass, rock- 
weed, woodwork, and all sorts of objects in shal- 
low water. Occasionally brought up in the 
dredge, when coming from depths of 3 to 10 
fathoms, though such specimens may have 
actually been taken near the surface, or may 
have been carried to the deeper waters by cur- 
rents. Dredged near West Chop, at Penikese, 
and near Quisset. — Survey. 
Fish Hawk stations: 7525 bis (small colony on 
Zoster a), 7751 (2 large colonies). 
Phalarope stations: 73 (on Zostera), 116, 131 (1 
colony). 
“ Found breeding from the 6th to the end of July, 
and almost all the older colonies contained 
either large ova or embryos.” — Bumpus, citing 
F. W. Bancroft. 
The color of this species is extremely variable, 
so much so that Verrill distinguished nine dif- 
ferent color varieties, though he did not make 
it clear whether or not these were intended as 
varieties in the taxonomic sense. Dr. Van 
Name informs us that Prof. Verrill himself 
attached very little importance to these “va- 
rieties.” 
Family Perophorid.®. 
Peropkora viridis Verrill. [Chart 193.] 
Verrill, 1871a, p. 359 (sp. nov.); Verrill, 1872; 
Verrill and Smith, 1873, p. 702, 388; Bum- 
pus, 1898b; Lefevre, 1898, p. 369; Van Name, 
I 9 II > P- 357 - 
Little Harbor, Vineyard Haven, and Edgartown, 
on piles, abundant. Eastern half of Vineyard 
Peropkora viridis — Continued . 
Sound, common; not recorded from the west- 
ern half; two records for Buzzards Bay; 
dredged at 4 to 15 fathoms, chiefly on gravelly 
or stony bottoms, where it often occurred in 
company with Styela partita and other ascid- 
ians. — Survey. 
Fish Hawk stations: 7524 (on Styela ), 7525 bis, 
7536 (abundant, attached to seaweed), 7537 
(few), 7537 bis (1), 7538 bis (abundant), 7539, 
7541 bis (few), 7548 (few clusters), 7553 bis 
(very many), 7742, 7744 (little), 7745 (1 small 
bunch), 7746 (little), 7747 (much), 7748 
(much), 7749 (much), 7751 (few), 7754 (much), 
7755 (much), 7756 (much), 7757 (much), 7763 
(few colonies), 7765 (little), 7773 (much), 7774 
(few), 7775 (little). Supplementary station 
(1909): 7672 (several large colonies). 
Phalarope stations: 62 (many), 63 (very abun- 
dant), 69 (several masses), 73 abundant), 77 
(few), 135 (abundant). 
Family DidEmnid^. 
Didemnum lutarium Van Name. [Chart 194.] 
Verrill, 1872 ( Leptoclinum albidum and L. lute- 
olum); Verrill and Smith, 1873, p. 705, 706, 
403, etc. (Verrill’s local records for “ Lepto- 
clinum albidum” and “ Leptoclinum luteolum” 
refer to Didemnum lutarium , which was con- 
fused by him with the more northern species); 
Van Name, 1910, p. 371 (sp. nov.). 
Occurrence pretty general throughout Buzzards 
Bay and the eastern half of Vineyard Sound; 
in the western half of the Sound its occurrence 
seems to be limited to the inshore stations; 
Crab Ledge? 0 ; dredged in 1 to 15 or more 
fathoms on all sorts of bottoms. — Survey. 
Recorded also from wharves at Woods Hole, 
Vineyard Haven, and Edgartown, and from 
drifted material on Nobska Beach. A very 
common species, incrusting shells, stones, 
algae, sponges, and frequently other ascidians, 
such as Styela partita and Amaroucium. 
“South of Cape Cod (including also the south 
shore of the cape) it is the common, and in 
most places the only, species of the genus. 
Probably all the published records of L. 
albidum and L. luteolum Verrill from that part 
of the coast refer to it. . . . North of Cape Cod 
this form is local and for the most part replaced 
by T etradidemnum albidum . ’ ’ — Van Name . 
a From what we know of the Crab Ledge fauna it seems possible that the specimens from this point (stations 7604 to 7609) 
might have belonged to the northern species, T etradidemnum albidum (Verrill). No material from these stations has been 
examined by Dr. Van Name. 
