Mitteilungen aus dem VIII. internationalen Kongresse in Budapest. 
found that they formed a most excellent host for the development ot 
this parasite. In none of the sperraophiles which I caught in the 
fields and examined however, did I find any of the parasites in 
question, and I am, therefore, inclined to look upon the sperraophiles 
as au unimportant factor (like the rabbits, for instance) in Connection 
with this disease. 
The results of my studies on American trichinosis — which I 
reduce entirely to a hygienic basis, taking hogs and rats as the 
chief hosts — will be published later by the Bureau of Animal In- 
dustry. I will mention bere only one point in Connection with the 
matter, i. e. , that the European authors who state that it is cus- 
tomary for the Chicago, Omaha and other large American pork- 
packers to feed offal to swine at their abattoirs and spread the 
disease in that way, are entirely in error. This custom of offal 
feediug does exist among small local country butchers, but I have 
yet to find any of the packers, who ship pork to Europe, feeding 
offal at their abattoirs. It is, in fact, rare that hogs are allowed to 
remain over 48 hours in the stockyards of any packing-house be- 
fore being slaughtered, and during this time they are fed on grain. 
This delay of 24 — 48 hours is, of course, necessary to allow the 
hogs to recover from their journey on the cars, but in no way does 
it render them more trichinous, as the muscular stage of the dis- 
ease could not develop in so short a time, even if they became 
infested with the parasites after reaching the yards. In the packing- 
houses all scraps of meats etc., are used in one way or another (as 
fertilizer etc.) so that there is not the slightest possible chance for 
hogs to become infected from this source. In fact, it is a saying 
among pork -packers that the only part oft the hog which goes to 
waste is the “squeaf ! 
Bureau of Animal Industry, U. S. Department of Agriculture, 
October 1, 1894. 
Bakteriologische und parasitologische Kongresse. 
Mitteilungen aus dem VIII. internationalen Kongresse 
für Hygiene und Demographie in Budapest. 
Von 
Dr. M. T. Schnirer 
in 
Wien. 
(Fortsetzung.) 
Metselinikoff (Paris): 
Aach der von Büchner verteidigten Humoraltheorie sollten die 
in den Organismus gelangten Bakterien daselbst einen mehr oder 
