27 Echin. 
^Etiology, Distribution. 
1023, 1027 
9. Protection of young. 
Brutpflege rler Echinodermen in den 
siidpolaren Kiistengebieton ; Ostergren, 
339. 
11. Relation to other animals. 
Borings in chalk Cidaris- spines ; 
GronwaH, 180. 
Jurassic Oirfaris-spines used in India 
as a drug ; Hooper, 216. 
13. Phenology. 
Of larvae in plankton ; Cialona, 71. 
Relation of sea-temperature to occur- 
rence of Cucumaria and Echinasler ; 
Appellof, 11. 
VARIATION AND /ETIOLOGY. 
1023 
1. Variation in form. 
Among Holectypoida ; Hawkins, 191 : 
Among Echini; Jackson, 220. 
Form varieties of Uemiaster toxastcri- 
8toma ; Fourtau, 149. 
3. Variation, meristic, numerical. 
Number of Polian vesicles in Thyone ; 
Scott, 376. 
Tetramerous and hexamerotis sym- 
metries in Echini ; Jackson, 220 : 
4-ray ed Eclunolampas ; Lambert, 262. 
Asterias rubens with 4 and 9 arms ; 
Cu6not, 112. 
4. Variation, Meristic, Homoeotic. 
In apical system of Echini ; Jackson, 
220 . 
Metamerism of echinopluteus ; Grave, 
173: in larvae of Strong ylocentvotus ; 
Runnstrbm, 365. 
5. Variation, teratological. 
Among Echini ; Jackson, 220, 
Double hydrocoel in Asterias larvae ; 
Gemmill, 163 : in hybrid Echinus larva ; 
MacBride, 304. 
Homogene und heterogene Verschmel- 
zungen bei Echinidenkeimen ; Bierens 
de Haan, 31. 
Production of monstrosities ; Gold- 
farb, 168. 
6. Variation, bionomic. 
In SlrongylocentrotuaAndTripneilstes ; 
Jackson, 220. 
Annual changes in gonads of Echino- 
cardium ; Caullery, 62. 
Inheritance of characters in hybrids 
of Arbacia, Mellita and Moira ; Tennent, 
391. 
7. Variation, mutational. 
Zonal variants of E< hinocorya apd 
Bourtjucbicrinus ; Brydone, 55. 
8. Evolution, general principles. 
Bastian, 22 : Knipe, 240. 
“Localized stages” as indices of 
Evolution ; Jackson, 220. 
Of structures of Ophiurids ; Sollas & 
Sollas, 382. 
State of evolution of Australian 
crinoid fauna; Clark, A. H., 75. 
Influence of autotomy and regeneration 
on Natural Selection ; Glaser, 166. 
10. Phylogeny. 
Bastian, 22. 
Evolution of apical system in 
Holectypoida; Hawkins, 189. 
Of Echinoids ; Clark, II. L., 92 : of 
Holectypoida and other Irregular 
Echinoids; Hawkins, 191. 
Of the Echini ; Jackson, 228 : 
Schuchert, 375. 
DISTRIBUTION. 1027 
A. Geographical. 
i. General. 
Of many genera of Echini, chiefly 
Strongylocentrotus and Tripneustes ; 
Jackson, 220. 
Of recent Crinoids; Clark, A. H., 
72 & 74. 
Of Ech., larvae in plankton ; Herdman, 
203. 
Recent Tloloth., and Ech., in Mns. 
hist. Nat. Elbeuf ; Cordon, 107. 
