XCIII. ACANTHACEiE. 
1141 
clusters, more or less bracteate, the primary inflorescence centripetal, the 
secondary sometimes dichotomous and centrifugal. Bracteoles rarely wanting 
and sometimes large and leafy. 
A large Order, diffused over both the New and the Old World, chiefly within the tropics, a 
very few species occurring in more temperate regions, either in the northern or the southern 
hemisphere. 
Tkibe I. Thunberg'ieae. — Corolla-limb with 5 nearly equal spreading lobes, contorted in 
the bud. Seeds globular, resting on a cup-shaped expansion of the placenta. 
Stem twining. Calyx an entire or toothed ring concealed within the 
bracteoles ,...., 1. Thuxbergia. 
Tribe II. Nelsonicae. — Corolla-limb of 5 nearly equal lobes or 2-lipped, imbricate in the 
bud, the upper lobes or lip outside. Seeds globular, lletinacula none or reduced to minute 
papilla:. 
Corolla-lobes nearly equal. Stamens 2 2. Nelsonia. 
Corolla-lobes nearly equal. Stamens 4 3. Eberaiaiera. 
Tribe III. Ruellieae. — Corolla-lobes 5, nearly equal or 2-lipped, contorted in the bud. 
Seeds flat. Retinacula prominent. 
Corolla 2-lipped. Stamens 4. Ovules several in each cell ..... 4. Hygrophila. 
Corolla-lobes nearly equal, spreading. Stamens 4. Ovules 6 or more in 
each cell 5. Kcellia. 
Tribe IV. Acanthes. — Corolla-tube short, upper lip obsolete, lower G lobed. Ovules 2 in 
each cell. Retinacula curved, hardened. 
Stamens 4. Leaves usually prickly-toothed 6. Acanthus. 
Tribe V. Justicieae. — Corolla-lobes imbricate in bud. Retinacula curved, hardened. 
Anthers 2 — 1 -celled ; cells often spurred at the base, one frequently placed much above the other. 
Style shortly equally 2-fid or subentire. 
Subtribe I. Asystasieie. — Ovules 2 in each cell. Corolla-lobes 5, subequal. Sepals 5. 
subequal. Stamens 4 or 2; anther-cells 2, subequal, parallel, muticous. 
Corolla-tube long, narrow or subventricose. Stamens 4 7. Asystasia. 
Corolla-tube slender. Stamens 2 8. Eraxthemuji. 
Subtribe II. Eujusticieae. — Ovules 2 in each cell. Corollas distinctly 2-lipped. 
Bracts larger than the calyx-segments. Stamens 2 ; anthers 1-celled . . 9. Hypoestes. 
Bracts clustered, shortly stalked. Stamens 2 ; anthers 2-celled. Placentas 
rising elastically from the base of the capsules 10. Dicliptera. 
Bracts in 1-sided spikes II.’Ruxgia. 
Placentas not rising elastically from the base of the capsule. Auther- 
cells placed one much higher than the other. Anther-cells minutely 
spurred at base 12. Justicia. 
Bracts small. Corolla-tube elongate. Anther-cells parallel, subequal . . 13. Graptophylloji. 
1 THUNBERGIA, Linn. f. 
(After C. P. Tliunberg.) 
Calyx reduced to an entire or many-toothed ring and concealed within 2 large 
bracteoles. Corolla-lobes 5, nearly equal, spreading, contorted in the bud. 
Stamens 4, included in the tube ; anther-cells parallel. Ovules 2 in each cell of 
the ovary. Capsule globose and seed-bearing at the base, terminating in a 
flattened beak. Seeds globular, hollowed out on the inner face, and inserted on 
a cupular (sometimes very small) expansion of the placenta. — Twining or rarely 
dwarf and prostrate herbs. Flowers in axillary pedicels or in terminal racemes. 
The genus is limited to tropical Asia and Africa and southern Africa. 
1. : T. fragrans (fragrant), Iioxb. Cor. VI. i. 47, t. 67; C. B. Clarke in 
Hook. FI. Brit. lnd. iv. 390. A slender-stemmed retrorsely-hairy or glabrate 
climber. Leaves ovate or oblong-acute, 2 to Sin. long, \ to 14in. broad, cordate 
or hastate at the base ; toothed ; petioles \ to 14in. long. Pedicels 1 to Sin. long, 
usually solitary in the axil, sometimes 2. Bracteoles fin. long, broadly falcate- 
oblong, subacute. Calyx in flower 1^ line, divided half-way down into 12 to 16 
