Graves and Horodysky: Conservation benefits of circle hooks in multispecies recreational billfish fisheries 
439 
from the Venezuelan pelagic longline fishery off the 
Caribbean Sea and the western central Atlantic: period 
1991-2004. ICCAT Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. 59:315-322. 
Cooke, S. J., and C. D. Suski. 
2004. Are circle hooks an effective tool for conserving 
marine and freshwater recreational catch and release 
fisheries? Aquat. Conservat. Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. 
14:299-326. 
Ditton, R. B., and J. R. Stoll. 
2003. Social and economic perspective on recreational 
billfish fisheries. Mar. Freshw. Res. 54:545-554. 
Domeier, M. L, H. Dewar, and N. Nasby-Lucas. 
2003. Mortality rate of striped marlin (Tetrapturus audax) 
caught with recreational tackle. Mar. Freshw. Res. 
54:435-445. 
Goodyear, C. P. 
2002. Factors affecting robust estimates of the catch- 
and-release mortality using pop-off tag technology. In 
Catch and release in marine recreational fisheries (J. 
A. Lucy and A. L. Studholme, eds.), p. 172-179. Am. 
Fish. Soc. Symp. 30, Bethesda, MD. 
Goodyear, C. P., and E. D. Prince. 
2003. U.S. recreational harvest of white marlin. ICCAT 
Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. 55:624-632. 
Graves, J. E., B. E. Luckhurst, and E. D. Prince. 
2002. An evaluation of pop-up satellite tags for estimating 
postrelease survival of blue marlin ( Makaira nigricans) 
from a recreational fishery. Fish. Bull. 100:134-142. 
Graves, J. E., and A. Z. Horodysky 
2008. Does hook choice matter? The effects of three circle 
hook models on post-release survival of white marlin. N. 
Am. J. Fish. Manag. 28:471-480. 
Horodysky, A. Z., and J. E. Graves. 
2005. Application of pop-up satellite archival tag tech- 
nology to estimate postrelease survival of white marlin 
(Tetrapturus albidus ) caught on circle and straight-shank 
(“J”) hooks in the western North Atlantic recreational 
fishery. Fish. Bull. 103:84-96. 
Jesien, R. V., A. M. Barse, S. Smyth, E. D. Prince, and J. E. 
Serafy. 
2006. Characterization of the white marlin ( Tetrapterus 
albidus) recreational fishery off Maryland and New 
Jersey. Bull. Mar. Sci. 79:647-657. 
Jolley, J. W., Jr. 
1974. On the biology of Florida East Coast Atlantic sail- 
fish (Istiophorus platypterus). In Proceedings of the 
international billfish symposium, part 2: review and 
contributed papers (R. S. Shomura and F. Williams, 
eds.); August 1972, Kailua-Kona, HI, p. 81-88. NOAA 
Tech Rep. NMFS SSRF-675. 
Mather, F. J., Ill, H. L. Clark, and J. M. Mason Jr. 
1975. Synopsis of the biology of the white marlin Tet- 
rapturus albidus Poey (1861). In Proceedings of the 
international billfish symposium, part 3: species syn- 
opses (R. S. Shomura and F. Williams, eds.); August 
1972, Kailua-Kona, HI, p. 55-94. NOAA Tech Rep. 
NMFS SSRF-675. 
Muoneke, M. I., and W. M. Childress. 
1994. Hooking mortality: a review for recreational 
fisheries. Rev. Fish. Sci. 2:123-156. 
Prince, E. D., M. Ortiz, and A. Venizelos. 
2002. A comparison of circle hook and “J” hook per- 
formance in recreational catch-and-release fisheries 
for billfish. In Catch and release in marine recre- 
ational fisheries (J. A. Lucy and A. Studholme, eds.), 
p. 66-79. Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. 30, Bethesda, MD. 
Prince, E. D., D. Snodgrass, E. Orbesen, J. P. Hoolihan, J. E. 
Serafy, and J. E. Schratweiser. 
2007. Circle hooks, ‘J’ hooks and drop-back time: a hook 
performance study of the south Florida recreational live- 
bait fishery for sailfish, Istiophorus platypterus. Fish. 
Manag. Ecol. 14:173-182. 
Serafy, J. E., D. W. Kerstetter, and P. H. Rice. 
2009. Can circle hook use benefit billfishes? Fish Fish. 
10:132-142. 
Skomal, G. B. 
2007. Evaluating the physiological and physical conse- 
quences of capture on post-release survivorship in large 
pelagic fishes. Fish. Manag. Ecol. 14:81-89. 
Skomal, G. B., B. C. Chase, and E. D. Prince. 
2002. A comparison of circle and straight hook perfor- 
mance in recreational fisheries for juvenile Atlantic 
bluefin tuna. In Catch and release in marine recre- 
ational fisheries (J. A. Lucy and A. Studholme, eds.), 
p. 57-65. Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. 30, Bethesda, MD. 
