2 44 
The Ferns of South Africa. 
one to two lines diameter, and with differently shaped leaves or 
bracts, though these pass gradually into the ordinary form where 
they meet. Leaves set all round the stem, but in about eight 
regular straight lines. Leaves thick, coriaceous, green or yellowish 
green, half-inch long, one line broad, blunt or shortly pointed, 
loosely adpressed, entire, those in the fertile portion shorter, 
rounder, more pointed, and scarcely larger than the very large 
yellow spore cases. 
L. gnidioides. Linn. Fil. Suppl. 448 ; Schl. Adum. 7, tab. 2 ; Kze. 
Linnaea, 10.486 ; Pappe and Rawson, 49 ; Kuhn, Fil. Afr. 184 ; 
Baker, Fern Allies, 17. 
L. pinifolium. Kaulf. ; Pappe and Rawson, 49. 
South Africa and Mascerenes ; growing on trees or in clefts of 
rock in forest. 
West. — George, Table Mountain (E. and Z.), Knysna (Bolus), Koretra 
(Drege). 
East. — Grahamstown (Dr. Atherstone), Howison’s Poort (MacOwan). 
Kaff. — Frequent in the Perie and other forests, over 2000 feet alt. 
Natal. — Inanda, Umpumulo, Maritzburg, Richmond, Karkloof, nowhere 
common (Buchanan). 
Transvaal. — Macamac (M‘Lea). 
162. Lycopodium cernuum. Linn. 
Plate CLIV. Fig. 1. Natural size. 
Stem three to four feet long, two to three lines diameter, 
including leaves, very much branched upwards, rigid, erect, and 
tree-like, or sub-erect and elongating like L. clavatum, but not 
rooting. Branches short, produced all round the stem at short 
intervals, mostly in opposite pairs ; pinnately branched, with 
alternate, simple, dichotomous, or repeatedly dichotomous branch- 
lets, which almost all terminate in fertile spikes. Leaves imbri- 
cated on the branches, lax and spreading on the stem, subulate, 
one to two lines long, with a distinct mid-rib. Fertile spikes 
terminal on the branchlets, a quarter to a half inch long, one line 
