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WA II 00. 
Ulmus pumila. Walter. 
Ulmus alata. U. ramis passim ex utroque latere in alam suberosam corticalem 
dilatatis ; foliis oblongo-ovalibus, sensim acutis, basi subœqualibus ; fructu pub- 
escente et confertius cilioso. 
The Wahoo is a stranger to tHe Northern and Middle States, and to 
the mountainous regions of the Alleghanies ; it is found only in the lower 
part of Virginia, in the maritime districts of the Carolinas and Georgia, in 
West Tennessee and in some parts of Kentucky. Probably it grows also 
in the two Floridas and in Lower Louisiana, of which the soil and climate 
are analogous to those of the maritime parts of the Southern States, and of 
which the vegetable productions, with some exceptions, are the same. 
The name of Wahoo, given to this species of Elm in South Carolina and 
Georgia, is derived from the Indians ; but I am ignorant of its meaning. 
The Wahoo grows of preference on the banks of rivers and in the great 
swamps enclosed in the pine-barrens : it has always appeared to me to be 
less multiplied than the trees by which it is accompanied. It is of a mid- 
dling stature, commonly hot exceeding 30 feet, with a diameter of 9 or 10 
inches ; the two largest stocks that I have seen were at Wilmington, N. C. ; 
they were perhaps 40 or 45 feet high, 15 inches in diameter, and seem- 
ingly very old. 
The flowers, like those of other Elms, open before the leaves. The seeds 
are fringed, and differ from those of the White Elm only by a little inferi- 
ority of size. The leaves are borne by short petioles, and are oval, denti- 
culated, and smaller than those of the White and Red Elms. 
The branches are furnished throughout their whole length, on two oppo- 
site sides, with a fungous appendage, 2 or 3 lines wide, from which the 
name of alata, winged, has been given to the species. 
The wood of the Wahoo is fine-grained, more compact, heavier, and, I 
believe, stronger than that of the White Elm. The heart is of a dull red 
approaching to chocolate-color, and always bears a large proportion to the 
sap. At Charleston, S. C., and in some other towns of the Southern 
States, it is employed for the naves of coach- wheels, and is even preferred, 
for this object, to the Tupelo, as being harder and tougher ; but it is 
appropriated to no other use. 
