PINES. 
65 
allied kinds, and by herbaceous grafting ; and many, if not all, may be 
propagated by cuttings. The seeds are sown at the end of March, or in 
April. The ground ought to be in good condition, light and sandy, rather 
than loamy, and prepared as finely as possible. The seeds may be sown 
in beds, and after being gently beaten down with the back of a spade, 
they should be covered with light soil or leaf mould, to the depth of a 
sixteenth, an eighth, or at most a quarter of an inch, according to the size 
of the seeds, and covered with branches of trees or shrubs, &c., to shade 
the soil from the sun, and protect the seeds from birds. The plants of the 
greater part of the species come up in from 30 to 50 days, though some do 
not appear till the second year. Great care must be taken when the plants 
are coming through the ground, to raise sufficiently above them the material 
employed in shading ,the beds, and also to remove it by degrees. The 
young plants, in most of the species grow slowly the first two or three 
years, and all grow most rapidly between their fifth and tenth years. For 
a further account of the mode of culture of this interesting family, the 
reader may consult Loudon’s Arboretum. It is a curious fact, and not 
without its moral, that the young plants of many American species are 
now imported to our principal sea-ports from England, where they are 
grown in great numbers and sold at a rate by the thousand with which the 
American gardener cannot compete.] 
Vol. III.— 10 
