68 
RED PINE, OR NORWAY PINE. 
motive for the change was to prevent a mistake to which many persons 
would be liable, of supposing that this species affords the resinous matter 
so extensively used in ship-building. 
The leaves are of a dark green, 5 or 6 inches long, united in pairs and 
collected in bunches at the extremity of the branches, like those of the 
Long-leaved Pine and Maritime Pine, Pinus niaritima, instead of being 
dispersed like those of the Jersey and Wild Pines. The female flowers 
are bluish during the first months after their appearance, and the cones, 
which are destitute of thorns' and which shed their seeds the first year, are 
about 2 inches long, rounded at the base and abruptly pointed. 
The concentric circles are crowded in, the Red Pine, and the wood, when 
wrought, exhibits a fine compact grain. It is rendered heavy by the resin- 
ous matter with which it is impregnated, and in Canada, Nova Scotia and 
the District of Maine, it is highly esteemed for strength and durability, 
and is frequently employed in naval architecture, especially for the deck 
of vessels, for which it furnishes planks 40 feet long without knots. Stript 
of the sap, it makes very lasting pumps. The main-mast of the St. Law- 
rence, a ship of fifty guns, built by the French at Quebec, was of this Pine, 
which confirms my observation concerning its stature. 
The Red Pine is exported to England in planks from the District of 
Maine and the shores of Lake Champlain. I have lately learned that this 
commerce is diminished, because the timber is said to consist in too great 
a proportion of sap : but the objection appears to me unfounded : several 
trunks a foot in diameter, that I have examined, contained only one inch 
of sap. 
While young, the Red Pine has a beautiful aspect, and its vegetation is 
always vigorous ; it would doubtless succeed in France and throughout the 
north of Europe, and the useful properties of its wood and the resinous 
matter that might be extracted from it, are sufficient inducements to its 
cultivation. I by no means agree with Sir A. B. Lambert, that its wood 
is always of an inferior quality. 
PLATE CXXXIV. 
A branch with a cone of the natural size ; Fig. 1 , A leaf. Fig. 2, A seed. 
[The Norway Pine grows as rapidly as the Pitch Pine, whose wood it 
resembles, but it is more free from resin and softer.] 
