130 
BULLETIN 106, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
Upper Jacksonian (Ocala limestone) : l\ miles above Bainbridge, Georgia 
(very rare). 
Geological distribution. — Miocene of Australia (MacGillivray) and Patagonian 
of Argentina (Canu). 
Plesiotype. — Cat. No. 63895, U.S.N.M. 
1917. Grammella Canu, Bulletin Societe Geologique cle France, ser. 4, vol. 16. p. 131. 
The operculum closes the ovicell. The avicularium is interzooecial, large, with a 
solid pivot; its form recalls that of the Greek letter ©. No dietellae. 
Genotype. — Membranipora crassimarginata Hincks, 1880. 
Range.- — Santonian-Recent. 
A-C. Grammella crassimarginata Hincks, 1880. A. Zooecia and avicularia,. magnified. 
(After Hincks, 1880.) B. Several zooecia with ovicell, X 25. (After Waters, 1S98.) C. View 
of the variety japonic a Ortmann, 1890, X 15. (After Ortmann, 1890.) 
The living species of this genus are as follows: 
Grammella ( Membranipora ) crassimarginata Hincks, 1880. 
Grammella ( Membranipora ) crassimarginata japonica Ortmann. 1890. 
Grammella ( Membranipora ) papulifera MacGillivray, 1885. 
Grammella ( Membranipora ) sculpta cucullata Waters, 1898. 
The fossil forms are: 
Grammella ( Membranipora ) sculpta MacGillivray, 1891. 
Grammella ( Eschara ) lesueuri Hagenow, 1851. 
Grammella ( Flustrella ) confusa D’Orbigny, 1852. 
Grammella ( Biflustra ) megapora D’Orbigny, 1852. 
This is the Membranipora crassimarginata group of Waters which he defines as 
follows: “Ovicell umbonate, with partial rib; avicularia vicarious.” He did not 
indicate the presence of dietellae, but he calls attention to one distal and two 
lateral septulae. 
Waters introduced with doubt into this group (No. 11) the Membranipora 
valdemunita Hincks, 1885, which Canu in 1900 made the type of his artificial sub- 
Genus GRAMMELLA Canu, 1917. 
Fig. 32. — Genus Grammella Canu, 1917. 
