NORTH AMERICAN EARLY TERTIARY BRYOZOA. 
163 
Genus RAMPHONOTUS Norman, 1894. 
1894. Ramphonotus Norman, A Month on the Trondhjem Fjord, Annals and Magazine 
Natural History, ser. 6, vol. 13, p. 122. 
The zooecia, if developed freely in form, are pyriform, widening upward 
from the base, with a calcareous portion posterior to and occupying a larger part 
of the front wall than that of the membranous portion; the membranous portion 
of the area is nearly as wide as long and often somewhat trifoliate in shape; the 
mouth opening is simple and, as usual, close to its anterior margin; the border 
surrounding the membranous area is calcareous. There may be lateral spines. 
Ovicells large, globose, and imperforate, hvperstomial, and never closed by the 
operculum. An acute bird’s- 
beaklilte avicularium mounted 
on a pedicel, with acute man- 
dible of large size (often mon- 
strously so), would seem to be 
habitually developed on the 
adult zooecium situated on the 
central portion of the zooecium 
on or immediately behind the 
hinder margin of the area. 
Dietellae: two pairs of lateral 
and one distal — the former 
very narrow and rarely ex- 
tending beyond the side walls ; 
the latter small and appar- 
ently sometimes not present. 
(Norman, 1903.) 
G e n.o type . — Ramphonotus 
minax Busk, 1860. 
Range. — Senonian-Recent. 
In this genus the crj^ptocyst 
is more reduced than in A m- 
phiblestrum Gray, 1848; there 
are even species which are 
without this structure. The presence of the pedicellar avicularia near the prox- 
imal border of the opesium is in reality the only characteristic of the genus. 
The species, in addition to the genotype, which may be classed in Ramphonotus , 
are: 
Ramphonotus hassleri Canu, 1911, Rocanean. 
Ramphonotus ( Amphiblestrum ) cylindriformis MacGillivray, 1895. 
Ramphonotus ( Membranipora ) eUiptica forma monostachys Hennig, 1892 
Senonian. 
Ramphonotus ( Membranipora ) sigillata Pourtales, 1870. 
Fig. 39. — Genus Ramphonotus Norman, 1894. 
A-D. Ramphonotus minax Busk, 1860. A. Ovicelled zooecia, 
X 50. B. Zooecia showing avicularium with mandible, X 25. 
(After Hincks, 1880.) C. Mandible, X 85. (After Nordgaard, 
1905.) D. Dietellae. (After Norman, 1903.) 
