BULLETIN 106, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
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The genera of this family are : 
Eucratea Lamouroux, 1812. 
Gemellaria Savigny, 1811. 
Scruparia Hincks, 1880. 
Fluxleya Dyster, 1858. 
Brettia Dyster, 1858. 
Genus GEMELLARIA Savigny, 1811. 
1811 Gemellaria Savigny, Iconographie des Zoophytes de l’Egypte. 
Zoarium erect, branching dichotomously, each branch given off from the sides 
of the zooecia close to their upper extremity. Zooecia joined back to back and 
each pair arising from 
the anterior extremity 
of the preceding pair. 
Opesia large sloping 
slightly upward. Ovi- 
cell ? ("Robertson.) 
GEMELLARIA PRIMA Reuss, 
1865. 
Plate 32, figs. 22-24. 
1S65. Gemellaria prima 
Reuss, Forami- 
niferen, Antho- 
. zoen und Bryo- 
zoen des deut- 
schen septarien- 
thones, Denk- 
scliriften der k. 
Akademied 
Wissenschaften, 
vol. 25, p. 54, 
pi. 7, figs. 6, 7. 
Affinities. — The first 
species of this genus 
found fossil is Gemel - 
lama {Ditto saria) wethe- 
relli Busk, 1866, of the English Londinian; it was figured anew in 1892 by 
Gregory under the name of Notamia 'loetherelli. The figures of Busk and of 
Gregory do not at all coincide. However our American species differs from it in 
the absence of areolae. 
It differs also in the same character from Gemellaria punctata Seguenza, 1879, 
from the Helvetian of Italy. 
The eight fragments which we have found do not permit a detailed study. It 
seems to us however — (1) that the genus Dittosaria Busk, 1866. ought to be main- 
tained for the three known fossil species; (2) that their place in the Anasca is doubt- 
ful; (3) that this family, of which the larva is so near the Escharines, may be 
ranged in Ascophora in the vicinity of Catenariidae. 
B *30 
Fig. 53. — Genus Gemellaria Savigny, 1811. 
A-C. Gemellaria loricata Linnaeus, 1778. A. Sketcli of growth 
habit, natural size. B. Portion of a branch, X 30, to show arrange- 
ment of zooecia and method of branching; ap, aperture; op, oper- 
culum. (A, B after E,obertson, 1907.) C. Anatomical structure of 
a zooecium. (After Van Beneden, 1845.) a, tentacles; b, pharynx; 
c, oesophagus; d, stomach; e, intestine; /, particles contained in the 
stomach. 
