NORTH AMERICAN EARLY TERTIARY BRYOZOA. 
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Fig. 112. — Anatomy of the Hippoporae. 
A-L, N. Hippodiplosia pallasiana Moll, 1803. A. Sketch showing anatomy. B. Portion of a 
longitudinal section in the region of .the pharynx. C. Transverse section of a tentacle. 
D. Transverse section of the lophophore passing through the orifice of the circular canal. 
E. Longitudinal and transverse sections of the vaginal glandular organ. F. Transverse section 
of a bryozooid. G. Median sagittal section of an embryo of this species. H. Tangential section 
of a multiporous septula. (A-H after Calvet, 1900.) 
an, anus ; 
ca, cardiac region of the stomach ; 
cal, calotte (terminal bud) ; 
caec, caecum ; 
co, corona ; 
cry, cryptocyst (skeleton) ; 
ct, tentacular canal ; 
d, vaginal diaphragm ; 
dsp, deutospermatoblast morula ; 
em; mesenchyme elements; 
epm, mesodermal thickening ; 
epe, ectodermal thickening; 
est, stomach ; 
ete, external tentacular epithelium ; 
ep, epiderm of the hypostege; 
glv, vaginal glands (=opereular glands 
Waters and Harmer). 
muop, opercular muscles; 
mup, parietal muscles; 
mupd, parietal-diaphragm muscles; 
muph, peripharyngeal muscular fibers; 
mupoe, periesophageal muscular fibers ; 
I-L. Lateral face, (I) oral face, (J) 
(After Barrois, 1877.) 
c, corona ; 
ce, cavity between the two branches of 
stomach ; 
cd, digestive cavity; 
est, stomach ; 
ft, flagellum ; 
ms, oral (labial) mesoderm; 
mi, aboral mesoderm; 
mupo, parieto- vaginal muscles ; 
np, peripharyngeal nerves ; 
oc, orifices of the circular canal ; 
oes, esophagus ; 
ova, ovary ; 
pc, septule; 
ph, pharynx ; 
pic, communication plates ; 
plv, vibratiTe plume; 
pplv, papilla of vibratile plume; 
psp, protospermatoblast morulae; 
py , pylorus ; 
re, rectum ; 
nm, mesenchyme covering of polypide; 
sgi, inferior glandular system ; 
of sgs, superior glandular system ; 
si, internal sac ; 
sp, spermatoblast morulae ; 
spv, ciliated tritospermatoblast morulae; 
tm, mesenchyme; 
tr, transverse muscular fibers of the circular 
canal 
aboral face, (K) dorsal face, (L) of the larva. 
o, ciliated cleft, 
the PL, ciliated plume ; 
ph, pharynx ; 
RV, border of the terminal bud ; 
si, separating furrow; 
s, oral or vestibular face; 
vt, terminal bud (=calotte of Calvet). 
N. Young zooecium. The compensatrix (c. s.) is still small. The pores extend around the 
distal margin of the operculum. (After Harmer, 1902.) 
h polypide bud ; p. m., parietal muscles ; 
occl, occlusor muscles of operculum; pvm, parieto- vaginal muscles; 
opgl, opercular glands (=vaginal glands of s. c., compensatrix. 
Calvet) ; 
M. Lepralia botulus Jullien, 1903. Sketch of zooecium, showing terminology. 
