NORTH AMERICAN EARLY TERTIARY BRYOZOA. 
703 
Family CRISIIDAE Johnston, 1847. 
Anatomical bibliography. — 1S77. Barrois, Recherelies sur l’embryologie des Bryozoaires, Travaux 
de l’lnstitut de Zoologie, Lille, fasc. 1, pi. 3, figs. 22, 23, 24. — 1838. Milne-Edwards, 
Memoire sur les Crisies, les Horneres et plusieurs antres Polypes, Annales des 
Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie, ser. 2, vol. 9, pp. 1-41, pi. 6, fig. 1; pi. 7, fig. 1. — 1891. 
Harmer, On the British species of Crisia, Quarterly Journal of the Microscopical 
Society, new ser., vol. 32, pi. 12. — 1893. Harmer, On the occurrence of embryonic fis- 
sion in Cyelostomatous Polyzoa, Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, new 
ser., vol. 34, pis. 1-3. — 1900. Calvet, Contributions a l’histoire naturelle des Br£o- 
zoaires ectoproctes marins, Travaux Institut zoologie University Montpellier Stat 
Marit, Catle, new ser., Memoire No. 8, pi. 7, fig. 15; pi. 8, fig. 22; pi. 10, figs. 15-20. — 
1914. Waters, The Marine fauna of British East Africa and Zanzibar, Proceedings 
of the Zoological Society of London, p. 834, pis. 55, figs. 5, 6. — 1916. Waters, Some 
Species of Crisia, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, vol. 18, p. 
470, pi. 16. 
The ovicell is regular, symmetrical, sacciform, isolated. The oeciopore is termi- 
nal, as large as the aperture of the tubes. The zoarium is articulated and radicated. 
This family is often erroneously attributed to Busk, 1859, but it was established 
in 1847 by Johnston under the name of Crisiadae. The terminology adopted has 
no importance from the standpoint of priority, since scientific observation alone 
ought to be considered. 
The best known genus of this family is Crisia. Perhaps it will be necessary 
to erect a distinct genus for the Crisia denticulata group which is without a salient 
oeciostome. It is evident that here the function of the escape of the larvae has 
become different. 
We possess rather good anatomical material of this family but unfortunately 
the determination of the specimens is always laborious and often doubtful. 
The bathymetric distribution of the Crisiidae is deceiving. They live in fact 
on marine algae and 
after death fall to 
greater depths often 
very far from their 
place of origin. 
Genus CRISIA Lamouroux, 
1816. 
1816. Crisia Lamou- 
roux, Historie 
des Polypiers 
C o r a 1 1 i g ones 
flexibles, p. 136. 
The zooecia are bi- 
serial. 
Genotype. — G risia 
( Sertulana ) eburnea 
Linnaeus, 1758. 
R a nge. — Lutetian. 
Recent. 
A branch showing the terminology in this genus. 
