18 
BULLETIN 102, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
burner — if the burner has one — so as to obtain a maximum illumina- 
tion and a quietly burning lamp. 
Open-flame burners should not be used because they require : 
a. For a given amount of illumination about four times as much 
gas as an incandescent mantle lamp. 
b. The maintaining of obsolete candlepower standards which can 
be of interest to only a very small percentage of the total number 
of consumers and squarely against the best service interests of the 
majority of the consumers. The gas used in open-flame illumination 
is so small as to be negligible in comparison with the total volume 
of sales which the consumers are generally interested in . 15 
18 For further discussion see Technologic Paper 110, entitled “The Influence of Quality 
of Gas and Other Factors Upon the Efficiency of Gas Mantle Lamps,’’ U. S. Bureau of 
Standards, Washington, D. C. 
