Plate 64. 
EQUISETUM hyemale, Linn. 
Hough Horsetail , or Hutch Rushes. 
Equisetum (§ Hyemalia*) hyemale; stems one to two and even three feet high, 
glaucous-green, throwing simple branches from the base, very rough to the 
touch on the surface, furrowed; sheaths black above and below, otherwise 
whitish, with twelve to eighteen very short black membranous mucronated 
teeth ; the mucro deciduous; catkin terminal, mucronate, or sharply conical 
at the point. 
Equisetum hyemale. Linn. Sp. PI. p. 1517. Willd. Sp. PI. v. 5. p. 8. Sckk. 
Fit. t. 172 C (very good). Engl. Pot. t. 915. Vauch. Monogr. p. 46. t. 9. 
Sm. Eng. FI. v. 4. p. 389. Hook. FI. Lond. ^.16. Hook, and Am. Brit. 
FI. ed. 8. p. 601. Newm. Brit. Ferns, p. 17. Gray, Man. of Bot. Illustr. 
p. 587. 
Equisetum nudum. Rail Syn. p. 131. 
Hab. In boggy woods, but not very general; more frequent in North Britain than 
in the south, and in Ireland. 
Readily distinguished by its size, glaucous colour, rough surface, 
and simple stems, or only branched at the base (except abnormally 
so), and never in whorls. It is very much a northern species 
and upon the continent of Europe, where Mr. Joseph Woods, in 
his £ Tourist’s Flora/ speaks of it as “ rare.” I possess it from 
Switzerland and Altai, but probably in both cases from the 
mountains. It is found in Middle Russia, Scandinavia, and I 
have received it from Kamtchatka (Seemann) and from the Amur 
(Maximowicz). It is said to be a native of Spain, and I have 
specimens from Tunis, in North Africa, sent me by KraliJc , and 
from Turkey (Rumelia); but North America would seem to be 
the favourite region of this plant. Notwithstanding that Asa 
Gray speaks of if as a northern plant, and that it is not recorded 
in Chapman’s ‘ Flora of the Southern States,’ I have specimens 
from as far south as New Mexico, from El Pasco, Western 
Texas ( C. Wright), and from San Luis ( Engelmann ). It is sent 
from various parts of British North America, the Rocky Moun¬ 
tains, etc.; and in California and British North-West America, it 
* § Hyemalia, Al. Braun.: “ Stems of one kind, all fertile, perfectly deve¬ 
loped at the period of fructification, green, with or without whorls of branches, 
persistent through the winter.” 
