544 
XLVI. CRASSULACE7E. 
Order XLVI. CRASSULACE®. 
Sepals 3 or more, usually 5, but sometimes up to 20, free from the ovary, but 
occasionally united in a lobed calyx. Petals as many as sepals, free or rarely 
united in a lobed corolla. Stamens as many or twice as many as petals, inserted 
with them at the base of the calyx. Ovary superior, the carpels as many as the 
petals, distinct, usually with a small flat scale at the base of each ; with several 
ovules in each ; styles simple, distinct. Ripe carpels capsular. Seeds several, 
with a thin fleshy albumen and straight embryo. — Herbs or rarely low shrubs or 
undershrubs. Leaves succulent, without stipules. Flowers in terminal racemes, 
cymes or panicles, or rarely in axillary clusters. 
A rather numerous Order, extending over the greater part of the globe, but particularly 
abounding in S. Africa and in the rocky districts of Europe and Asia. The only Australian 
genus is generally spread over the area of the Order. The Order is nearly allied to some 
herbaceous Saxifragea :, but it is more apocarpous, the stamens less perigynous, and is readily 
known by its succulent leaves and thoroughly isomerous flowers. — Benth. 
Stamens isomerous with the petals. Petals free or scarcely united at the 
base. Flowers 4 to 5-merous, small mostly annual herbs 1. Till/ea. 
Stamens twice as many as the petals. Petals united nearly to the middle or 
beyond. Calyx large, shortly 4-fid 2. *Bryophyllum. 
1. TILL/EA, Linn. 
(In honour of Michael Angelo Tilli, a botanist of Pisa.) 
(Bulliarda, DC.) 
Sepals, petals, stamens and carpels 8 or 4 each, very rarely (in species not 
Australian) 5, all distinct. Ripe carpels opening along the inner edge, the seeds 
often reduced to 1 or 2 in each. — Small, often minute, herbs. Leaves opposite. 
Flowers minute, axillary or in a terminal leafy panicle. 
The genus has very nearly the extensive geographical range of the Order. 
Flowers under 1 line long, axillary. Carpels short and obtuse. 
Flowers in dense leafy clusters. Petals shorter than the sepals . . . . 1.2’. verticillnris. 
Flowers solitary, mostly pedicellate. Petals as long as or exceeding the 
sepals. 
Leaves not 2 lines long. Pedicels usually longer. No scales under the 
carpels 2. 2'. purpurata. 
Leaves often above |in. long. Pedicels rarely as long as the leaves. A 
scale under each carpel 3. T. recurva. 
1. T. verticillaris (leaves appearing in whorls), DC. Prod. iii. 382 ; Benth. 
FI. Austr. ii. 451. An annual, when first flowering simple and lin. high, but 
when old much branched, forming dense tufts of 3 or 4in. diameter, or slender 
and 4 or Sin. long. Leaves ovate-lanceolate or linear, connate at the base, 1 to 2 
lines long. Flowers very small in dense axillary clusters mixed with small 
leaves, many of them nearly sessile, others on pedicels of 1 or 2 lines. Sepals 
usually 4, very rarely 5, acute or aristate, about J line long. Petals shorter, 
narrotv, acute. Carpels without scales, w T hen ripe very obtuse, not exceeding the 
calyx, with 1 or 2 seeds in each. — Hook. f. FI. Tasm. i. 145 ; T. pedunculata, 
Sieb. PL Exs., not of Sm.; T. adscendens and T. colorata, Nees, in PI. Preiss. i. 277. 
Hab.: On the Maranoa, Mitchell ; Brisbane River, Moreton Bay, F.v. Mueller ; common. 
2. T. purpurata (plant purplish), Hook. f. in Hook. Bond. Journ. vi. 472, 
and Tasm. FI. i. 145 ; F. v. M. PI. of Viet. ii. t. 19 ; Fragm. vi. 118 ; Benth. FI. Austr. 
ii. 451. A very slender decumbent annual, of intricate growth, attaining 2 to 
4in. in height. Leaves linear, connate at the base, 1 to 2 lines long. Flowers 
minute, on slender solitary pedicels, mostly longer than the leaves, rarely short. 
Petals about •§• line long ; sepals shorter, acute or obtuse. Carpels obtuse, not 
longer than the sepals, often violet, with several seeds. 
Hab.: Yandilla, F. Str liver. 
