XLIX. RHIZOPHOREiE. 
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Order XLIX. RHIZOPHORE® 
Calyx-tube usually adnate to the ovary, sometimes prolonged above it or rarely 
quite free ; the limb of 4 to about 12 lobes, valvate in the bud. Petals as many 
as the calyx- lobes, alternate with them, notched cut or jagged or rarely entire, 
the margins usually induplicate and embracing the anthers. Stamens as many 
or twice as many as petals or more, inserted with them at the base of the free 
part or lobes of the calyx ; anthers erect or versatile, 2-celled, opening longitudi- 
nally. Ovary more or less inferior or rarely quite superior, 2 or more-celled, with 
2 or few pendulous ovules in each cell, or rarely 1 -celled by the obliteration of the 
partition ; style undivided, with an entire or lobed stigma. Fruit inferior or 
enclosed in the calyx. Seeds solitary or few, with or without albumen. — Trees 
or shrubs. Leaves opposite, simple, entire or slightly toothed, coriaceous. 
Stipules often large, very deciduous. Flowers solitary, clustered or in cymes. 
A small Order, almost entirely tropical, and chiefly Asiatic or African, with a few American 
species. The four Queensland genera are all Asiatic, one only extending also to Africa and 
America. The Order is divided into two distinct tribes, by some considered .as independent 
families: — 1. Rhizophoreee proper , including the following genera: Rhizophora , Ceriops, and 
Bruguiera, consists of the Mangroves, all maritime evergreen trees, the seeds without albumen, 
and almost always germinating before falling off, the thick radicle enlarging rapidly, and pro- 
truding to a great length from the summit of the capsule. 2. Legnotidece, trees or shrubs, not 
strictly maritime, with usually smaller flowers, and the seeds albuminous, not germinating 
before they fall. To this tribe belongs the genus Carallia. — Benth. 
Tribe I. Xthizophoreae . — Leaves opposite , stipulate. Ovary inferior; style single. 
Embryo exalbuminous, macropodous, germinating while the fruit is still on the tree. 
Calyx-segments longer than the tube. Seeds without albumen, germinating 
before falling. 
Calyx segments and petals 4. Stamens 8 to 12. Fruit more than half 
superior 1. Rhizophora. 
Calyx-segments and petals 5 or 6. Stamens twice as many. Fruit more 
than half superior 2. Ceriops. 
Calyx-segments and petals 8 to 15. Stamens twice as many. Fruit inferior 3. Bruguiera. 
Tribe II. Iieg'notideae . — Leaves opposite, stipulate. Ovary half-inferior or superior, but 
adnate to the base of the calyx ; style single. Embryo immersed in fleshy albumen. 
Calyx campanulate, with short teeth. Petals 5 to 8. Stamens twice as many. 
Fruit inferior. Seeds albuminous, not germinating before falling .... 4. Carallia. 
1. RHIZOPHORA, Linn. 
(Root-bearing.) 
Calyx-tube adnate, segments 4. Petals 4, entire. Stamens 8 to 12 ; filaments 
short ; anthers long, acuminate, connivent. Ovary half-inferior, 2-celled, with 2 
pendulous ovules in each cell ; style filiform ; stigma 2-toothed. Fruit ovoid or 
conical, the persistent calyx-segments reflexed from near the base. Seed solitary, 
without albumen, the rapidly enlarged radicle penetrating through the summit of 
the fruit. — Trees. Leaves entire. Cymes axillary. 
The genus consists of a few species only, ranging over tropical seacoasts. 
1. R. mucronata (mucronate), Law.-, DC. Prod. iii. 32 ; Benth. FI. Austr. 
ii. 493. “ Binaroley,” Forest Hill, Macartney. A glabrous evergreen tree, with 
thick branches. Leaves from broadly ovate to oblong-elliptical, obtuse, with a 
projecting point (often worn off from the old leaves), 3 to 4in. long in the 
Australian specimens, but sometimes longer and narrower, coriaceous, entire. 
Stipules rather large, oblong, obtuse, very deciduous. Flowers in axillary 
dichotomous cymes shorter than the leaves, with a pair of short thick concave 
bracts, connate at the base under each fork and under each flower. Calyx sessile 
within the bracts, about iin. long, the segments separating down to the adnate 
