LX. UMBELLIFERffi. 
725 
9. *AMMI, Linn. 
(From ammos, sand ; habitation of plants.) 
Calyx-teeth obsolete or small. Petals obovate, with an indexed point, emar- 
ginate, or with 2 unequal lobes, the exterior ones frequently larger. Fruit laterally 
compressed, ovate-oblong. Carpels with 5 filiform equal ribs, the lateral ones 
marginal. Interval with single vitta, commissure with 2 vittie. carpophore free, 
2 -parted. Seeds terete-convex, flattish on the face. Herbs with a fusiform root 
and pinnately divided or many-parted leaves. Umbels compound, many-rayed. 
Involucre many-leaved, the leaflets 3-cleft or pinnatifid. Involucels many-leaved, 
the leaflets undivided. 
Genus of a few species "rowing chiefly in the Mediterranean region, and extending to Chili 
and Brazil. 
1. A. majus (the greater), Linn. Common Bishop’s Weed. Stems 3 to 
4ft. high, subglaucent, glabrous, terete. Leaves pinnately divided, segments 
cartilaginous on the margin, acutely serrate; lower ones lanceolate; the 
upper ones many-cleft, linear. Primary rays of the umbel sometimes 2in. long, 
slender, and as well as the secondary rays scattered with a few minute serrulate 
points ; secondary rays 1 to 2in. long, about equalling the linear acute bracteoles. 
Bracts of the involucre f to lin. long. Fruit ^ line long. 
Hab.: This European weed has become naturalised in many southern localities. 
10. SIUM, Linn. 
(Supposed to be derived from the Celtic word for water.) 
Calyx-teeth acute or obsolete. Petals white, emarginate. Fruit ovoid or 
oblong, laterally compressed, constricted at the commissure ; primary ridges 
prominent, obtuse, frequently thickened ; furrows 8 to 2 (or 1-) vittate ; carpo- 
phore completely bipartite, each half adnate to the adjoining mericarp. Seed 
terete. — Glabrous herbs. Leaves pinnate, pinnae toothed. Umbels compound 
terminal and lateral ; bracts and bracteoles several. 
Plants of the north temperate zone, South Africa, and Australia. 
1. S. latifolium (broad-leaved), Linn. Water Parsnip. A swamp plant 1 
to 2ft. high. Leaves simply pinnate. Fruits nearly those of Apium, but the 
calyx-teeth usually prominent and several vittie under each furrow. Umbels 
terminal, with general and partial involucres. 
Hab.: In the southern swamps ; abundant at Toowoomba, and most probably indigenous. 
11. CENANTHE, Linn. 
(Supposed to have a wine fragrance.) 
C&lyx-teeth small, acute. Petals emarginate. Fruit glabrous, ellipsoid, longer 
than broad, or globose, nearly terete, commissure broad ; carpels half-terete, 
dorsally compressed, inner face plane ; lateral primary ridges large, triangular, 
corky ; dorsal and intermediate primary ridges much smaller, sometimes obsolete, 
or all subequal ; furrows 1-vittate ; carpophore none ; disk usually not prominent. 
Seed terete or dorsally compressed, inner face plane. — Herbs, growing in wet 
places, roots fibrous creeping or stoloniferous. Leaves 1 to 3-pinnate, ultimate 
segments large or linear or minute, rarely reduced almost to sheaths. Umbels 
compound ; bracts none or 1 ; bracteoles several, linear. Flowers white, often 
polygamous, males sometimes radiant. 
Most of the species found in northern hemisphere and South Africa. 
