Martinson et al.: Growth and survival of Oncorhynchus nerka 
493 
Climatic-Oceanic (C-O) regimes 
Warm 1922-46 Cool 1947-76 Warm 1977-2000 
Year 
Figure 2 
Trends in annual freshwater (FW ) and annual (first year through third 
year, M1-M3) marine growth for the 1922-46 warm, 1947-76 cool, and 
1977-2000 warm regimes represented by loess regression lines. Scale 
measurements are estimates of growth rates for age 2.2 sockeye salmon 
(Oncorhynchus nerka) that returned to Karluk River during the early 
run spawning migration from 1924 to 2000. 
Table 1 
Comparison of freshwater and oceanic growth rates of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) that returned to the Karluk lake 
and river system, Alaska, from years 1924 to 2000. Smolt length (freshwater, FW), and juvenile (first-year marine, Ml), imma- 
ture (second-year marine, M2), and maturing (third-year marine, M3) growth were estimated from measurement on the scales 
of age-2.2 sockeye salmon that returned to the Karluk system, Kodiak Island, Alaska. “Yes’ indicates normal distribution and 
equal variances of the growth variables. Significance differences occurred at P<0.05 for normality, variance, ANOVA, and mul- 
tiple comparison tests. 
Tukey and Dunn pairwise test 
Assumption test ANOVA mean or median and statistical differences 
Growth 
variable 
Normal 
Equal 
variance 
Test 
statistic 
P-value 
1922-1946 
Warm regime 
1947-1976 
Cool regime 
1977-2000 
Warm regime 
FW 
Yes 
Yes 
6.624 
0.002 
0.687 
> 
0.640 
_ 
0.644 
Ml 
Yes 
Yes 
28.753 
<0.001 
1.006 
< 
1.072 
< 
1.104 
M2 
Yes 
Yes 
24.625 
<0.001 
0.745 
= 
0.752 
< 
0.841 
M3 
Yes 
No 
26.055 
<0.001 
0.293 
< 
0.366 
= 
0.353 
