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i statue of whom has been found at Paris, and after whom 
Hessary Tor in Devonshire is thought to be named, is, if 
possible, a still more interesting epithet, for it carries us back 
to the other grand Aryan name of God, Asura, the “ Living,” 
a noble title which I have elsewhere considered.* * * § Thus, in 
the far Aryan west, as in the far Aryan east, we find the Deity 
called by the same great names ; the Asura and Dyaus of India 
reappear in the Esus and Taith of the Kelts, and the value of 
linguistic testimony in favour of the monotheistic position can 
hardly be over-estimated. It is only those unfamiliar with the 
question who will regard such inquiries as merely laborious 
trifling, which, whilst it may amuse the otherwise idle hours . 
of an antiquary, is unworthy of the serious attention of the 
defender of the Faith. 
Tacitus also states that the Germans celebrate in ancient 
songs the god Tuisco and his son Mannus, the founder of their 
race.f Tuisco or Tivisco, i.e. y “the Tiu-ish,” is a variant 
form of Tiw ; and, similarly, amongst the Aryan Indians 
Manu, J i.e.y Man, is styled the son of Dyaus, in other words, 
— 'A Sa/Li to v 0£ou. “ Why was Tuisco called the father of 
Mannu ? Simply because it was one of the first articles in the 
primitive faith of mankind that in one sense or other they had 
a father in heaven. ”§ Thus we find the Germans worshipping 
the great Heaven-father, known to and believed in by the 
undivided Aryan race, and beholding Him by faith and rever- 
ence alone. Man, as created by God out of the dust, has ever 
known that he is the son both of Zeus and of Gaia, of Tuisco 
and of Hertha, of Dyaus and of Prithivi. || 
8. Scandinavian Sacred Literature. 
Iceland produced and preserved Scandinavian sacred 
literature, which consists of the Elder and the Younger Eddas. 
The word Edda , meaning “ great-grandmother,” is used in 
this connection in the special sense of guardian of the ancient 
lore, and as a name is not anterior to the fourteenth century. 
The most complete codex of the Elder Edda was found in 1643 
by the learned Bishop Brynjolf Sveinsson, and was ascribed 
by him to Saemundar, son of Sigfus, commonly called “ the 
* Vide Zoroaster , sec. 11, “ History of the name Asura”; vide inf. sec. 9. 
The Aesir. From the root as, “to breathe ” (vide Appendix A.), 
t Germania, ii. 
+ From the root man, u to think.” Man is “ the Thinker ” ; cf. Min-erva, 
Min-os, menis, mens, mind, etc. 
§ Prof. Max Muller, Lectures on the Science of Language, ii. 501. 
j The “ Broad ” Earth ; cf. Gk. jplatUs. 
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