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Fishery Bulletin 96( 1 ), 1998 
5a Scales fewer, 62-75 in a longitudinal series; 5 hypurals; anal-fin rays 68-74; inner opercular 
linings and both sides of isthmus usually lightly pigmented; total vertebrae 45-49, usually 
47-49 S. piger 
5b Scales more numerous, usually 77-100 in a longitudinal series; 4 hypurals; anal-fin rays 71- 
84; inner opercular linings and isthmus unpigmented; total vertebrae 47-52, usually greater 
than 48 6 
6a Dorsal-fin rays 83—88; anal-fin rays 71-75; total vertebrae 47-49; scales in longitudinal series 
77-87; ocular surface usually yellowish or lightly straw-colored, with one to two prominent, 
complete crossbands immediately posterior to opercular opening (Fig. 28); dorsal and anal fins 
without stripe along basal margin; (adult size relatively small, usually not exceeding 
80 mm SL) S. pusillus 
6b Dorsal-fin rays 87-95; anal-fin rays 74-84; total vertebrae 50-53; scales in longitudinal series 
85-99; ocular surface usually dark brown, straw-colored or yellowish, with series of mostly 
incomplete crossbands posterior to opercular opening, or ocular surface uniformly pigmented 
without crossbands; dorsal and anal fins frequently with dark brown stripe along basal mar- 
gins, sometimes in combination with series of large, pigmented blotches alternating with un 
pigmented areas on dorsal and anal fins 7 
7a Dorsal and anal fins usually with alternating series of prominent, darkly pigmented blotches 
(see Fig. 22); blotches usually wider than intervening unpigmented areas; no pigmented spot 
on scaly base of caudal fin; eyeballs round, usually contiguous, or nearly contiguous, within 
fleshy orbital sac (see Fig. 21A) S. stigmosus n. sp. 
7b Dorsal and anal fins usually without alternating series of prominent, darkly pigmented blotches; 
if blotches present, then as wide as, or only slightly narrower than, width of intervening un- 
pigmented areas; pigmented spot present on scaly base of caudal fin; eyeballs longer than 
wide, separated by small space within fleshy orbital sac (see Fig. 2 IB) 8 
8a Eye diameter relatively large (see Fig. 20), ratio of ED to TKL [ED:TKL] = 3. 2-4. 7 (usually 
exceeding 3.5% of trunk length) S. ginsburgi 
8b Eye diameter relatively small (see Fig. 20), ED:TKL = 2. 5-4.0 (usually less than 3.4% of trunk 
length) S. billykrietei n. sp. 
9a Caudal-fin rays usually 12; pupillary operculum absent (Fig. 3B); ID pattern usually 1-3-2 
(Fig. IB) or 1-4-3 (Fig. IE) 10 
9b Caudal-fin rays usually 10 or 11; pupillary operculum present (Fig. 3A) or absent (Fig. 3B); ID 
pattern usually 1-3-3 (Fig. 1C), 1-4-2 (Fig. ID), or 1-4-3 (Fig. IE) 16 
