Munroe: Systematics of western Atlantic Symphurus 
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Symphurus tessellatus (Quoy and Gaimard, 
1824| 
(Figs. 9F, 62-63; Tables 1-10, 39-40J 
Plagusia tessellata Quoy and Gaimard, 1824:240 
(original description; Rio de Janeiro Bay [ = 
Guanabara Bay], Brazil; counts, color description). 
Plagusia brasiliensis Agassiz in Spix and Agassiz, 
1831:89 (original description; Bahia, Brazil; counts, 
color figure). Castelnau, 1855:79 (brief description, 
figure). Whitehead and Myers, 1971:495 (nomen- 
clature and dating of Spix and Agassiz’s Brazilian 
Fishes). Kottelat, 1984:150 (in type catalogue, 
MHNN). Kottelat, 1988:79 (nomenclature, type 
status of species described in Spix and Agassiz’s 
Brazilian Fishes). 
Aphoristia ornata. Kaup, 1858:106 (in part; South 
America; synonymy). Gunther, 1862:490 (in part; 
Atlantic coasts of tropical America; synonymized 
with S. plagusia Schneider, in Bloch and Schneider, 
1801; brief description; counts). Kner, 1865-67:292 
(Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). 
Symphurus plagusia (not of Schneider, in Bloch and 
Schneider, 1801). Jordan and Goss, 1889:324 (in 
part; West Indies to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; syn- 
onymy; in key; brief redescription; nomenclature). 
Berg, 1895:79 (in part; Mar del Plata-Montevideo; 
counts include those for S. jenynsi). Jordan and 
Evermann, 1898:2709 (in part; after Jordan and 
Goss, 1889). Evermann and Marsh, 1900:332 (West 
Indies to Brazil; common; in key; synonymy; rede- 
scription, counts, measurements; comparison with 
S. plagiusa). Thompson, 1916:416 (in part; after 
Jordan and Goss; counts, measurements, brief 
color description). Devincenzi, 1920:135 (Rio de la 
Plata, Uruguay; counts, measurements; distin- 
guished from S. jenynsi). Devincenzi, 1924-26:281 
(Uruguay; counts). Meek and Hildebrand, 1928: 
1005 (in part; Panama; color description; counts). 
Beebe and Tee-Van, 1928:77 (Haiti; color descrip- 
tion with figure; size). Puyo, 1949:178 (in part; 
French Guyana; figure, counts, color description). 
Lowe-McConnell, 1962:694 (in part; British 
Guiana). Caldwell, 1966:84 (offshore localities, 
Jamaica). Cervigon, 1966:816 (Venezuela; probably 
S. tessellatus based on high meristic features, color 
description, and large sizes reported). Palacio, 
1974:87 (in part; Colombia; specimens misidenti- 
fied as S. p. plagusia). Menezes and Benvegnu, 
1976:142 (Brazil; synonymized with S. plagusia). 
Soares, 1978:23 (Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; 
counts, color description, figure). Lema et al., 
1980:44 ( Rio de la Plata region, Rio Grande do Sul, 
Brazil; synonymy). Rosa, 1980:222 (in part; 
nearshore and estuarine habitats, Paraiba, Bra- 
zil). Lucena and Lucena, 1982:56 (southern Bra- 
zil). Matsuura, 1983:463 (French Guiana, Suri- 
name; counts, measurements, color photograph). 
Aphoristia fasciata (not of DeKay, 1842). Goode and 
Bean, 1896:458 (Jamaica; in key; figured). 
Symphurus plagusia tessellata. Ginsburg, 1951:199 
(diagnosis and description of subspecies; Brazil- 
Uruguay). Ringuelet and Aramburu, 1960:91 (Ar- 
gentina; in key; figure; synonymy). Carvalho et al., 
1968:22 (in part; northern Brazil; synonymy; in 
key; brief description). Lazzaro, 1973:247 (south- 
ern Brazil and Uruguay; in key). Palacio 1974:87 
(north of Puerto, Colombia). Lazzaro, 1977:70 (Uru- 
guay; in key). Lema and Oliveira, 1977:7 (Santa 
Catarina, Brazil; in key). Menni et al., 1984:201 
