Munroe: Systematics of western Atlantic Symphurus 
1 79 
USNM 157403; paratype ( 109.0); 35°21’10" 75°22’40"; 26 
m; 19 Oct 1884. Florida: TU 75907; 3(131.3-135.7); 
27°35’04"N, 80°04’04"W; 26 m; 5 Sep 1965. UF 13062; 
(130.2); 28°35.5'N, 80°08'W; 62 m; 21 Feb 1965. USNM 
154946; paratype (139.4); Cape Canaveral; 18 m; 4 Apr 
1940. Gulf of Mexico: Alabama: ALA 3015; 3(75.5-85.2); 
to 30 m; 1968. Mississippi: ALA 606.29; (94.4); Horn Is- 
land; Jul-Aug 1958. FMNH 45979; (110.0); 29°22'N, 
88°40'W; 51 m; 22 Oct 1953. Louisiana: USNM 155227; 
holotype (110.3); 29°06’30"N, 89°40’W; 17 m; 8 Jul 1938. 
USNM 313647; 2(48.8-72.2); Calcasieu Lake (ca. 30°N, 
93°W); February, 1982. Texas: FMNH 45109; 3(138.1- 
149.3) ; 27°43'N, 96°51'W; 27 m; 26 Sep 1950. USNM 
313646; 9(88.6-108.2); 3 mi offshore, Port Aransas (ca. 
28°N, 97°W); 15 m; 16 Sep 1982. Mexico: IMS 544; 3( 120.7- 
139.7); west of Campeche; 27 m; 22-29 Jul 1951. UMML 
34365; (130.0); 20°12'N, 91°40'W; 37 m; 11 Dec 1952. 
Counted (149 specimens, 42 lots). Paratypes. Gulf 
of Mexico: Florida: USNM 86153; (119.8); St. Joseph’s Bay; 
27 Jan 1917. Alabama: USNM 157402; (116.9); Mobile; 13 
m; 7 Feb 1917. Louisiana: USNM 86140; (120.5); off 
Calcasieu Pass; 9 m; 15 Feb 1917. USNM 154945; 3( 122.3- 
129.6) ; 28°54'N, 91°41.5'W; 18 m; 11 Jul 1938. USNM 
154947; 5(110.2-122.6); 28°55.5'N, 91°46'W; 18 m; 11 Jul 
1938. USNM 154948; 2(119.7-123.7); 28°58'N, 91°40.5'W; 
16 m; 12 Nov 1938. USNM 154949; 2(105.2-128.8); 
28°41.5'N, 91°10'W; 15 m; 11 Nov 1938. USNM 154950; 
2(121.5-124.0); 28°47'N, 91°21.5'W; 11 Jul 1938. USNM 
154951; (125.7); 29°12'N, 89°50.5’W; 13 m; 8 Jul 1938. 
USNM 154952; (117.0); 28°43’N, 91°13'W; 15 m; 11 Jul 
1938. USNM 154953; 2(102.4-104.6); 29°12.5'N, 89°57'W; 
7 m; 10 Jul 1938. USNM 154954; 3( 114.0-118.3); 28°35.5'N, 
91°01.5'W; 22 m; 13 Jul 1938. USNM 155226; (114.1); 
28°45’N, 91°17.5'W; 16 m; 11 Jul 1938. USNM 157399; 
3(108.6-120.8); Grand Terre; 2 Jul 1930. USNM 157400; 
3(99.7-117.7); Grand Terre; 27 Jun 1930. Texas: USNM 
86139; 2(117.7-125.5); Aransas Pass; 15 m; 5 Mar 1917. 
USNM 120081; (110.8); Galveston; 1941. USNM 120082; 
(81.5); Aransas Pass; 7 Aug 1941. USNM 157401; (117.3); 
Galveston; 10 m; 26-27 Feb 1917. 
Counted (nontype material). Bermuda: ANSP 
137573; (79.3); washed onto shore. Southeastern United 
States: Florida: UMML 34342; 3(135.8-140.3); 28°34'N, 
80°15'W; 42 m; 19 Nov 1964. USNM 274484; (116.9); 
28°13.5'N, 80°21'W; 22 m; 14 Nov 1963. USNM 291316; 
(131.8); 28°13'N, 80°21'W; 22 m; 14 Nov 1963. USNM 
291317; 13(114.2-142.0); 28°13’N, 80°21'W; 22 m; 14 Nov 
1963. UMML 34343; (130.7); 28°12'N, 80°05'W; 60 m; 14 
Mar 1965. UMML 34344; (118.5); 27°57’N, 80°03'W; 55 m; 
28 Sep 1963. Gulf of Mexico: Alabama: ALA 301. 17; 2(85.4- 
94.3) ; Dauphin Island; 28 Sep 1952. ALA 353.05; (108.0); 
Mobile Ship Channel; 6 Sep 1951. ALA 2385; 13(85.8- 
102.6) ; Dauphin Island; 15 Jul-20 Aug 1966. Texas: TCWC 
4187.4; (100.4); 29°10’N, 94°30'W; 14 m; 28 Sep 1973. 
TCWC 4189.21; 18(97.8-124.0); 28°26'N,; 95°23'W; 28 m; 
29 Sep 1973. TCWC 4195.31; 9(118.8-133.3); 28°25’N, 
95°18'W; 35 m; 31 Oct 1973. UMML 34345; (127.6); 
28°07'N, 95°53'W; 37 m; 26 Jan 1958. Mexico: FMNH 
45427; 7(125.7-139.5); 20°18'N, 91°48'W; 42 m; 7 Dec 1952. 
UMML 34366; (130.1); 20°12’N, 91°40'W; 37 m; 11 Dec 
1952. USNM 157693; 5(116.8-125.6); 20°05'N, 91°28'W; 
31 m; 26 Aug 1951. USNM 157694; 3(128.3-132.5); 
20°05'N; 91°28'W; 31 m; 26 Aug 1951. USNM 291318; 
(127.1); Campeche, Yucatan (20°05'N, 91°28'W); 31 m; 26 
Aug 1951. FMNH 46369; 11(114.6-137.8); 19°48'N, 
91°20'W; 25 Aug 1951. GCRL 16383; 2(76.0-86.5); Lagu- 
nas de Terminos, Punta Zachtal, Campeche; 17 Nov 1970. 
IMS 543; 16(126.5-142.1); Pta Frontera; 31 m; 29 Jul— 6 
Aug 1951. USNM 274485; (132.0); north of Soto La Ma- 
rina; 15 Mar 1947. 
Other material examined (248 specimens, 26 
lots). Southeastern United States: North Carolina: 
3(22-24); Cape Fear River; August, 1981; (uncatalogued 
reference specimens, Carolina Power & Light Biology 
Laboratory, Southport, NC, 28461). USNM 340449; (66.2); 
Lower Cape Fear River near Southport, Carolina Power 
& Light Generating Station, impingement screens; 15-16 
Jan 1991. USNM 341611; (61.1); New Hanover County, 
Zeke’s Island; 6 Oct 1992. USNM 341614; 3(56.0—64.4); 
New Hanover County, Masonboro Sound; 20 Jul 1995. 
USNM 341616; (23.1); Lower Cape Fear River, Walden 
Creek; 1 Sep 1991. Florida: UF 35486; ( 125.2); 29°58.1'N, 
81°16.9'W; 14 m. TU 92501; 25(82.0-120.0); 29°11’05"N, 
80°53’05"W; 12 m; 24 Feb 1970. UMML 34346; 3(118.5- 
134.0) ; 28°22'N, 80°05’W; 60 m; 14 Mar 1965. Gulf of 
Mexico: Florida: ANSP 94305; (25); Key West; 1 m; 21 Mar 
1958. Mississippi: FMNH 45980; 2(110.4-119.8); 28°45'N, 
89°15'W; 60 m; 23 Oct 1953. FMNH 86369; (112.9); 
29°42'N, 88°29'W; 37 m; 10 Aug 1951. TU 5374; 18( 113.2- 
136.8); 29°14.4'N, 88°52.4'W; 32 m; 11 Aug 1952. TCWC 
2251.1; (125.8); 29°09'N, 88°52’W; 73 m; 10-16 Dec 1963. 
Alabama: FMNH 89568; 2(119.1-121.1); 29°42'N, 88°29'W; 
37 m; 10 Aug 1951. ALA 798.14; 2(107.7-110.1); Gulf 
Shores, Breton Island; 3 Aug 1959. UF 70946; (115.0); 
29°41’N, 88°14.5'W; 45 m; 22 Jul 1971. USA 1905; 25(91.9- 
122.1) ; 29°57'N, 87°54'W; 26 m; 20 Apr 1975. Louisiana: 
ANSP 55825; (124.9); Breton Island; November, 1930. 
BMNH 1931.11.5:75; reversed specimen; Breton Island. 
FMNH 45981; 2( 108.8-118.8); 28°56’N, 89°09'W; 59 m; 25 
Oct 1953. Uncatalogued specimens; 1 lot with 123 speci- 
mens; Barataria Bay; 6 Jan 1993. Texas: CAS-SU 40556; 
(133.4); Freeport; 28 Apr 1940. FMNH 79851; 3(138.8- 
152); 27°43'N, 96°53'W; 26 m; 14 Dec 1950. UMMZ 199071; 
5(46.0-57.3); 8-9 Apr 1939. USA 4070; 20(111.1-127.8); 
10 mi south-southeast of Port Aransas; 3 Dec 1975. Mexico: 
GCRL 16384; (32.7); Laguna el Carmen, Tabasco; 2 Mar 
1978. 
Symphurus plagusia 48 specimens ( 19.5-130.3 mm SL). 
Counted and measured (15 specimens, 57.4-130,3 
mm SL). Puerto Rico: ANSP 132030; neotype; (102.9); 
Puerto Yabucoa, one-half mile east of Playa de Guayanes, 
Municipio de Yabucoa; 24-27 Jul 1973. FMNH 3286; (83.1); 
Mayaguez; 20 Jan 1899. FMNH 61572; (117.0); Allasco 
Bay; 10 Jan 1954. UF 12059; ( 127.1); beach at Mani, just 
north of Mayaguez; 16 Apr 1964. Costa Rica: UF 10762; 
(79.6); Tortuguero Lagoon, Limon Province; Aug 1963. 
Panama: GCRL 15694; (57.4); Canal Zone; 8 Feb 1977. 
Trinidad: UPRM 1828; (89.4); Icacos Bay; 4 May 1964. 
Brazil: FMNH 88853; 2( 120.0-130.3); 2°09 S, 42°44’W; 40 
