844 
Fishery Bulletin 95(4), 1997 
Table 5 
Comparison of percentages of females among length classes with the same latitude (32°00'-32°59' N), period, and gear type. All 
data were pooled from various depth classes. % = female percent, n = the total number of male and female fish. The null hypoth- 
esis (H 0 ) = sex ratio is independent of length. Blanks indicate no or few samples were available for comparison. 
Period 
TL 
(mm) 
Traps 
Hook-and 
-line 
Trawl 
% 
n 
% 
n 
% 
n 
1979-81 
90-149 
X 2 = 14.079 
78.6 
14 
X 2 = 2.293 
150-199 
38.9 
18 
P = 0.015 
60.2 
103 
P = 0.318 
200-249 
73.6 
106 
df = 5 
57.4 
101 
df = 2 
250-299 
67.6 
105 
100.0 
2 1 
300-349 
54.6 
77 
350-399 
72.4 
29 
>399 
54.6 
11 
Reject H 0 
Yes 
No 
1982-84 
150-199 
66.7 
3 7 
X 2 = 1.597 
80.0 
5 1 
X 2 = 0.449 
41.0 
100 
X 2 = 8.847 
200-249 
74.1 
251 
P = 0.450 
71.1 
83 
P = 0.930 
60.0 
135 
P = 0.012 
250-299 
72.6 
153 
df = 2 
67.1 
161 
df = 3 
40.0 
10 
df = 2 
300-349 
65.3 
49 
67.3 
52 
350-399 
80.0 
10 7 
66.7 
18 
>399 
100.0 
3 1 
100.0 
2 1 
Reject H 0 
No 
No 
Yes 
1985-87 
90-149 
100.0 
l 1 
X 2 = 6.844 
0 
l 1 
X 2 = 0.515 
66.7 
3 7 
X 2 = 0.138 
150-199 
100.0 
5 1 
P = 0.033 
75.0 
4 1 
P = 0.773 
58.3 
36 
P = 0.710 
200-249 
84.6 
266 
df = 2 
65.6 
96 
df = 2 
61.7 
154 
df = 1 
250-299 
74.4 
168 
67.2 
131 
100.0 
2 1 
300-349 
81.0 
21 
73.1 
26 
350-399 
100 
l‘ 
100.0 
2 1 
>399 
Reject H 0 
Yes 
No 
No 
1988-90 
90-149 
X 2 = 1.048 
33.3 
3’ 
X 2 = 1.547 
150-199 
100.0 
5 1 
P = 0.592 
59.7 
62 
P= 0.461 
200-249 
73.7 
392 
df = 2 
67.1 
228 
df = 2 
250-299 
70.5 
291 
68.8 
93 
300-349 
75.0 
44 
41.2 
17 7 
350-399 
57.1 
7 7 
25.0 
4 1 
>399 
50.0 
2 1 
100.0 
2 1 
Reject H 0 
No 
No 
1991-93 
150-199 
50.0 
4 1 
X 2 = 6.035 
100 
2 1 
Fisher’s 2 
200-249 
68.8 
276 
P = 0.110 
64.5 
31 
P= 1.0 
250-299 
76.8 
207 
df = 3 
64.3 
14 
300-349 
63.4 
71 
25.0 
4 7 
350-399 
71.4 
14 
60.0 
5 7 
>399 
50.0 
4 1 
100.0 
3 7 
Reject H 0 
No 
No 
1 The row was discarded from the contingency table because of its excessively low expected frequency. 
2 When conditions for a chi-square test were not met, Fisher’s exact test was used. 
cant differences in percentages of females among 
periods for either gear type (Table 6). The overall 
chi-square test indicated a significant lack of inde- 
pendence between sex ratio and gear type (Table 7 A). 
We subdivided the data into 2x2 contingency tables 
formed by any two gear types. Significant differences 
in the percentage of females were found between 
trawl and traps (x 2 =22.642, P<0.001), between trawl 
and hook-and-line (% 2 =8.424, P=0.004), and between 
traps and hook-and-line (% 2 =5.166, P=0.023). There- 
fore, we concluded that traps caught more females 
than did the other two gear types, and hook-and-line 
caught more females than trawl. This conclusion was 
supported by additional analysis with various length 
