604 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
middle of these rays, the third at a higher level, opposite the middle of the developed rays of lower 
lobe; a single small glandular patch on the back of the tail and 2 much larger ones below, each with a 
curved band of black pigment along its posterior margin. In addition to these there are along the sides 
numerous much smaller photophores, probably of simpler structure, arranged in definite series, each 
of these organs appearing as a light central dot surrounded by a narrow black ring. In one series they 
are arranged intersegmentally along the mid-lateral line; above and below this are two parallel lateral 
series, equally spaced, the spots in each series segmentally arranged and so disposed that they form 
with those of the other series obliquely transverse lines, those above the lateral line running upward 
and backward, those below, downward and backward. Others are disposed along the back and on the 
sides of the head, where no definite arrangement has been detected. 
General color brownish black above, jet-black below; fins finely speckled, the pigment spots on 
rays of vertical fins usually arranged in cross-lines, which often correspond to the articulations of the 
rays. In life the glandular portions of all the photophores were brilliant ruby-red, including the 
lower portions of the upper lateral row, the lower portion of the subocular spot, the preopercular 
spot (surrounded by a silvery line), and the patches on upper and lower sides of caudal peduncle. 
Stomach deeply caecal, the sac sharply tapering to its posterior end, extending one-third the length 
of the abdominal cavity; pyloric caeca large, 6 in number. 
Specimens were taken at stations' Nos. 4019, vicinity of Kauai, 409 to 550 fathoms, and 4108, Kaiwi 
Channel, 411 to 442 fathoms. 
Cyclothone canina, new species. Plate 71, fig. 2. 
Type, 68 mm. long, from station 4005, vicinity of Kauai Island, depth 480 to 577 fathoms; type, No. 
51545, U. S. Nat. Mus. 
Differing from other spe.cies of the “microdon” group in the development of 3 pairs of slender 
canines near the mandibular symphysis. There are also other characteristic details of dentition, and 
minor differences in the proportions of the fins, the dorsal being a little larger, the anal a little shorter 
than in other species. 
Length to base of caudal 60 mm. ; head 22 hundredths of this length; snout 3.5; interorbital width 
3; distance from tip of snout to end of maxillary 19; length of mandible 20; greatest depth of body 14; 
least depth of caudal peduncle 5; distance from tip of snout to front of dorsal 59; length of dorsal 20; 
distance from last dorsal ray to base of middle caudal rays 22; distance between pectorals and ventrals 
22.5; from axil of ventrals to front of anal 14; length of anal base 27; distance from last anal ray to 
base of middle caudal rays 15; length of pectorals 12; length of ventrals 9; distance from ventrals to 
vent 5. D. 14; A. 18 (rarely 19); P.13; V. 7; branchiostegals 14; gillrakers 9 + 15 or 16 on outer arch. 
Mandible acute and projecting well beyond premaxillaries; teeth of mandibular series minute 
anteriorly, increasing in size along middle and posterior portion of jaw, 2 or 3 of the posterior teeth 
again diminishing; teeth not enlarged at intervals along the sides of the jaw, nearly erect, and num- 
bering about 100 in each ramus; near the symphysis are 3 pairs of curved canines, the anterior pair 
smallest, the posterior largest; 3 pairs of similar incurved canines opposed to them in the premaxil- 
laries, shorter than those in the mandible, the posterior again the largest; maxillary teeth increasing 
in length posteriorly, 2 or 3 of the posterior teeth again smaller; about 80 teeth in each maxillary, none 
of them greatly inclined forward, and none of them much larger than the corresponding mandibular 
teeth; every second or third tooth along middle and posterior part of the maxillary a little longer than 
the others, with the point turned downward; vomerine teeth forming 2 series gently converging for- 
ward, regularly increasing in size posteriorly, usually 3 in each series; palatine teeth confined to the 
anterior end, in 2 small detached groups, the anterior consisting of a moderate canine with 2 minute 
teeth to one side, which are detected with difficulty; posterior group consisting of 2 anterior teeth 
directed inward toward the middie line, and 2 or 3 others directed backward, the first of each set 
enlarged, all arranged in a single line; pterygoid teeth all small, forming a single, somewhat irregular 
series; gill-laminae much shorter than in related species, their length less than the width of the arch 
to which they are attached; outer set of gill-rakers extremely long and slender, inner set shorter, 
fixed in an upright position. 
An occasional large scale is still attached to sides of body in one of the cotypes. There is no adi- 
pose fin. 
