FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
605 
Arrangement of photophores: Subocular 1, with a short vertical bar of black pigment behind it. 
Preoperculars 2, one under its lower angle, the other on level of middle of sides. Branchiostegal 
photophores 10 (rarely 11). In the lower lateral series there are 13 between isthmus and ventrals; 5 
between ventrals and anal, the third of these opposite the vent, the fourth and fifth on the translucent 
strip of body wall between vent and front of anal; 11 (rarely 10) along base of anal; 3 along caudal 
peduncle; 2 on base of caudal, the anterior opposite the rudimentary rays, the posterior scarcely more 
elevated, at base of lower caudal rays; there is no break in the lower lateral series, and none of the 
spots are elevated. Spots of the upper lateral series 7 to 10 in number, sometimes ceasing before ventrals, 
sometimes continued to a point opposite the vent; all small, like those of the lower series, and not pro- 
vided with special gland of convoluted tubes. 
Color dark brown above and on sides, black on abdomen and sides of head; basal portion of each 
dorsal and anal ray and each interspinous and interhsemal bone black. 
Specimens were taken at the following stations: Nos. 3981, vicinity of Kauai, 414 to 636 fathoms; 
4005, vicinity of Kauai, 480 to 577 fathoms; 4018, vicinity of Kauai, 724 to 804 fathoms; 4026, vicinity 
of Kauai, 368 to 1021 fathoms; 4110, Kaiwi Channel, 449 to 460 fathoms; 4126, between Oahu and 
Kauai, 743 to 1278 fathoms; 4141, vicinity of Kauai, 437 to 632 fathoms; 4154, vicinity of Bird Island, 
636 to 850 fathoms; 4180, vicinity of Niihau Island, 417 to 426 fathoms. 
Very young specimens of this species were frequently found adhering to the trawl webbing in all 
parts of the trawl, and this was frequently the case when the trawl had not reached the bottom. As 
it was taken only in deep hauls (over 400 fathoms) , it must be a truly bathybial, but not a bottom 
form. The great reduction of the gill-laminae is in favor of its bathybial habit. 
Cycloth.one atraria, new species. Plate 72, fig. 2. 
Type, 53 mm. long (not including the injured caudal fin), from station 4187, the vicinity of Kauai 
Island, depth 508 to 703 fathoms; type, No. 52055, U. S. Nat. Mus. 
Head 23 hundredths of total length without caudal; eye 2; distance from tip of snout to end of 
maxillary 19; snout 3.5; interorbital width 4; mandible 21; greatest depth (at nape) 14.5; least depth 
of caudal peduncle 5; distance from tip of snout to' front of dorsal 58; base of dorsal 20; distance from 
dorsal fin to base of middle caudal ray 24.5; distance from base of pectorals to base of ventrals 23; from 
base of ventrals to front of anal 12; base of anal 30; distance from the last anal ray to the middle 
caudal ray 14; length of pectorals 12; of ventrals 10; distance from ventrals to vent 5. D. 15: A. 16; 
scales in about 28 transverse series, 15 or 16 in advance of the line joining first rays of dorsal and anal 
fins; gill-rakers of outer arch 7 + 13; branchiostegals 10. 
Anterior half of maxillary containing very minute teeth, those near middle scarcely discernible; 
posterior half with about 17 teeth, regularly increasing in size posteriorly, all but 2 or 3 of the posterior 
teeth equally inclined forward and with slightly recurved tips, none of them enlarged or canine-like; 
premaxillary with 6 to 8 small teeth somewhat increasing in size anteriorly; mandibular teeth fine, 
close-set, inclining obliquely forward, those posteriorly increasing in length; anteriorly on each side 
are 2 widely-separated well-defined canines. 
The scales have all fallen, but scars persist and are conspicuous. In other species known to us no 
trace of scales persists. 
Color uniform black on head and body, and apparently also on the vertical fins. 
Photophores are present as follows: Subocular 1; preoperculars 2; branchiostegals 9; of the lower 
lateral series, 13 between isthmus and ventrals (the 3 anterior crowded), 5 between ventrals and front 
of anal (the last nearly opposite first anal ray), 15 from front of anal to base of caudal, the latter 
arranged as in C. cariinct; the upper lateral series contains 8 photophores. 
The type only is known. 
Family ASTRONESTHIDtE. 
Astronesthes lucifer, new species. Plate 71, fig. 3. 
Type, 75 mm. long, from station 4026, vicinity of Kauai Island, depth 368 to 1,021 fathoms; net 
probably not on the bottom; type, No. 51516, U. S. Nat. Mus. 
Very closely related to A. martensii Klunzinger, from the Red Sea, differing in the very elongate 
pectorals and ventrals, and the much smaller eye. 
