FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
581 
nostrils 5; distance from tip of snout to first dorsal spine 36; length of first dorsal spine 5; base of first 
dorsal 6; distance between dorsals 17; length of second dorsal spine 8; base of second dorsal 7; length 
of upper caudal lobe 25. 
Width of snout slightly more than half length of head measured to first gill-cleft; anterior nostrils 
opening in the anterolateral margins of snout, large, round, directed forward; anterior nasal valve 
broad and triangular, completely overlapping posterior valve, which is horizontally expanded and 
somewhat intricately folded; distance between inner angles of posterior nasal slits half the length 
of preoral portion of snout; eyes very large, equaling the axial length of snout in advance of orbits; 
distance between angles of mouth very slightly less than half length of head; a short fold extending 
backward from angle of mouth for a distance less than its continuation forward alongside of either 
jaw; the upper and lower labial folds are equal in length, and but little more than half diameter of 
pupil; teeth small, equal and similar in both jaws, each .consisting of a central cusp and a smaller pair 
of lateral cusps; several series of teeth function at the same time in each jaw; lower surface of snout 
studded with 1 large pores, some of these forming a narrow V-shaped patch between the nostrils; pores 
on upper surface of snout arranged in 2 linear patches which extend along upper margins of orbits 
and are continuous anteriorly with the arms of the inferior V-shaped patch; the spiracles are trans- 
verse slits, well behind orbits, and slightly behind angles of mouth, their length one-third diameter of 
orbit, the distance between them equal to length of snout. 
First dorsal spine inserted well behind pectoral axil, slightly nearer extremity of snout than 
base of upper caudal lobe, and midway between second dorsal spine and spiracle; second dorsal spine 
midway between first dorsal fin and base of upper caudal lobe; distance between ventrals and pectorals 
equal to length of head (exclusive of gill-region). The type is a young male, in which the claspers do 
not nearly extend to margin of ventral fins. 
Fig. 230—CentroscyUium rwscosum Gilbert, new species. Type. 
Head and body smooth in the young (type specimen), with a very few minute scattered prickles, 
somewhat more numerous along sides of tail, and wholly wanting on anterior part of body, on fins, 
and on head. Cotype hispid. 
Lower parts black, shading into a light brown near median dorsal line; paired fins and dorsals 
blackish, with wide white margins; caudah lobes uniform blackish, the lower intervening portion of 
fin lighter, but not white. 
An adult male, 40 cm. long, from station 3989, vicinity of Kauai, 385 to 500 fathoms, is considered 
a cotype of this species, but the snout and head generally are so badly distorted as to make compari- 
sons difficult. The entire head and body are covered with rather distinct fine prickles, borne upon 
small stellate bases. Many of the teeth have 4 or 5 cusps, a small outer cusp being frequently 
developed at the base of one or both lateral cusps. The claspers are fully developed and reach more 
than half way from their inner base to the origin of the lower caudal lobe, each bearing near its tip a 
pair of lateral slender hooked spines, between which is a median soft prolongation tapering rapidly 
to a point and bearing the distal prolongation of the groove. White margin of fins narrower than in 
the type. 
This species is closely allied to C. niger Garman, from the vicinity of the Galapagos Islands, but 
seems to differ in proportions of eye and snout, and in certain details of position of the fins. The 
prickles seem also more numerous and finer. Nothing can be said concerning its relations with 
C. ornatum Alcock, from the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea. 
Only the type and the cotype known. 
