FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
619 
Grammatonotus laysanus, new species. Fig. 240. 
Type, 38 mm. in total length without caudal, from station 3947, near Laysan Island, depth 97 to 
199 fathoms; type, No. 51546, U. S. Nat. Mus. 
Head 35 hundredths of total length without caudal; length of snout 5; length of maxillary 15; 
diameter of orbit 15; interorbital width 10; greatest depth of body 32; least depth of caudal peduncle 
17; length' of caudal peduncle 21; length anterior to dorsal fin 38; base of dorsal 47; longest dorsal 
•spine 15; longest dorsal ray 23; length of third anal spine 13; longest anal ray 23; longest pectoral ray 
25; ventrals 27. D. xi, 8; A. ni, 9; P. 19; V. i, 5. Tubes in lateral line 18; transverse rows of scales 
between upper end of gill-opening and base of caudal 25 or 26; scales in an oblique row between point 
of dorsal and vent, 10 or 11. 
Caudal peduncle short and deep, more than half greatest depth of body; snout very short, evenly 
rounded, transversely convex, as is also the interorbital space and occiput; anterior nostril with a short 
broad tube, in front of eye; posterior nostril a small round pore widely separated from the anterior, 
located on upper orbital rim but little in advance of pupil"; eye very large, three-sevenths length of head; 
mouth oblique, short, maxillary narrow, not reaching vertical from middle of eye; suborbitals very 
narrow, not concealing maxillary; in sides of premaxillaries a narrow band of fine villiform teeth and 
an outer series of small canines, the anterior 1 or 2 teeth of outer series a little enlarged; a deep notch 
between premaxillary teeth anteriorly; mandible with a single series of teeth similar to outer premaxil- 
lary teeth, 1 or 2 of anterior teeth slightly enlarged; a few minute teeth on head and shaft of vomer, and 
on front of palatines; preopercle rounded, with entire margin; opercle with a horizontal rib ending in a 
single pungent spine; clavicles forming a sharp keel below on median line, embracing posterior part of 
isthmus and region immediately posterior; gill-membranes narrowly united anteriorly, forming a free 
fold across isthmus; branchiostegal rays 6; pseudobranch be large; gill-laminse narrow, the anterior 
set of filaments on first arch and the posterior set on fourth arch shortened; a well-developed slit 
behind fourth arch; twenty long slender gill-rakers on horizontal portion of outer arch, the longest two- 
sevenths diameter of orbit; a series of large pores on mandible, and one extending from sides of snout 
around posterior half of orbital rim, and on suborbitals. 
Dorsal spines slender and flexible, increasing in length to behind middle of fin; last 5 spines about 
equal; anterior rays of soft dorsal injured in type; fourth ray produced, overlapping rudimentary cau- 
dal rays; succeeding dorsal rays again rapidly shortened; anal spines regularly graduated, third spine 
about five-sixths the longest dorsal spine; anal fin, like soft dorsal, with middle rays produced into a 
a sharp lobe; sixth and seventh rays overlapping base of caudal, the succeeding ray rapidly shortened; 
caudal injured in the type, its shape unknown; outer ventral ray produced well beyond spine, 
overlapping the vent. 
