FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
629 
peduncle 11; longest (fourth) dorsal spine 23; eleventh dorsal spine 13; twelfth dorsal spine 17; longest 
dorsal ray 23; first anal spine 12; second anal spine 26; third anal spine 18; longest pectoral ray 37; 
longest ventral ray 27 ; length of caudal 34. D. xn, 9, the last ray cleft to base; A. hi, 5; P. 17. Tubes 
of lateral line 24 or 25. 
Head large, compressed, with subvertical cheeks, snout short and high, without preocular 
depression. The species thus more closely resembles the small brightly colored Sebastapistes from the 
South Seas than it does other species of Scorpxnopsis. Occipital fossa moderate, quadrate; a shallow 
pit below the eye; eye large, prominent, slightly larger than snout, more than twice width of interor- 
bital space, which is deeply concave, its floor with a pair of inconspicuous ridges which do not cross 
the occipital fossa; at outer edge of each of these ridges near middle of interorbital space is a pair of 
conspicuous mucous pores; preocular, supraocular, postocular, tympanic, parietal and nuchal spines 
present, the tympanic duplicated (as an irregularity) in the type; parietal and nuchal spines not in a 
line with the others; a group of small prickles immediately behind eye on a level with upper end of 
gill-slit; behind these a ridge terminating in a spine, succeeded by the similar suprascapular ridge and 
spine; between the latter and the nuchal spine an oblique crest bearing several small spines; subocular 
crest low and sharp, with 4 low spines directed backward, each terminating a short secondary crest, 
the anterior 2 a little below the main ridge; upper preopercular spine short and strong, larger than the 
others, in line with the subocular ridge and bearing a smaller spine at its base; four short spinous points 
below upper preopercular spine, regularly graduated from above; margin of preorbital with 2 strong 
divergent spines, the posterior compressed and much larger than the anterior; preorbital also with a 
small spine directed upward and backward toward eye; below upper opercular spine a number of sub- 
sidiary spines and ridges: one or more small spines and ridges may also develop below lower opercular 
ridge; broad cutaneous flaps present on anterior nasal tube, and on supraocular, parietal, preorbital, and 
lower preopercular spines; a few accompany lateral line, and a small number are scattered on trunk, 
sides of head, maxillary and mandible; supraocular flap very long in the type, the margin variously 
cleft, nearly reaching front of dorsal when depressed; it is subject to great variation in its develop- 
ment, and is scarcely to be distinguished in some of the cotypes; maxillary wide posteriorly, reaching 
vertical from posterior edge of orbit; teeth in moderate bands in jaws, in a very narrow band (about 2 
series) on vomer; palatines toothless; no trace of pore or slit behind fourth gill-arch; gill-rakers very 
short barely movable, with enlarged spinous tips, 7 or 8 on horizontal limb of anterior arch. 
