636 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
Taenianotus citrinellus, new species. Plate 81. 
Type, 50 mm. long, from station 8849, off the south coast of Molokai, depth 43 to 73 fathoms; 
type, No. 51634, U. S. Nat. Mus. 
Head 43 hundredths of total length to base of caudal; depth 54; depth of caudal peduncle 13; 
greatest thickness (at opercles) 14; length of snout 15; diameter of orbit 10; length of maxillary 20; 
interorbital width 6; first dorsal spine 23; second dorsal spine 35; longest (third) dorsal spine 37; 
last dorsal spine 25; first dorsal ray 30; longest dorsal ray 33; last dorsal ray 19; first anal spine 12; 
second anal spine 20; third anal spine 23; longest anal ray 28; longest caudal ray 35; longest pectoral 
ray 44; longest ventral ray 28. D. xii, 10; A. hi, 6; P. 14; V. i, 5. 
Body closely and everywhere about equally compressed; head scarcely wider, with vertical sides; 
eye immediately below upper profile; orbital rim elevated; interorbital space gently concave; three 
short but strong spines on supraorbital rim, the posterior the longer; two short strong spines on each 
side of occiput, one external and a little posterior to the other; two small weak suprascapular spines; 
opercle with 2 weak curved and diverging ridges, each ending in a weak spinous point; preopercle 
with 2 small triangular spines above angle, and a very small one below; preorbital crossed by 3 low 
ridges, which intersect at a common point, one running downward and forward from orbit and parallel 
with upper contour of snout, the second forming the anterior continuation of the suborbital ridge, 
the third intersecting the second nearly at a right angle, each ridge ending in an inconspicuous spinous 
poifit; nasal spines strong, closely approximate; a pair of very large supraorbital flaps reaching, 
when depressed, to base of first dorsal spine, each long and narrow, with its margin sparsely fringed; 
a large fringed cirrus arising from posterior margin of anterior nostril, which is in a short broad tube; 
when depressed, the nasal cirrus reaches to or beyond vertical from front of pupil; posterior nostril 
an oblong pore, close behind anterior; a short pedunculate flap on each side of tip of snout; a series of 
3 long slender simple filaments on mid-gular line; a series of similar filaments along mandible; mouth 
very oblique, mandible included; maxillary broad, not slipping under preorbital, reaching a vertical 
from front of pupil; teeth villiform and very small, in narrow bands in jaws; a few slight asperities on 
vomer; palatines toothless; branchiostegal membranes moderately joined across throat, and free from 
isthmus; branchiostegal rays 7; pseudobranchise large; gills 31, no slit behind last arch; gill-rakers 
represented by small spinous tubercles on ail the arches. 
First dorsal spine inserted over posterior edge of orbit, equaling in length the next to the last 
spine, and two-thirds the length of the third; third spine a trifle longer than second, and the longest 
in dorsal fin; twelfth spine a little longer than the eleventh and obviously shorter than the succeeding 
ray; membrane from last dorsal ray joining caudal fin so as to include basal third of second ray; first 
ray short and entirely included; last dorsal ray cleft to base; anal spines regularly graduated, the 
third equaling in length the first dorsal spine; last anal ray cleft to base; pectoral fin long and narrow, 
the width of its base about one-third its length, the tips of the longest rays reaching a vertical from 
middle of anal fin (on right side, fin of left side still longer) ; ventral spine inserted vertically below 
upper pectoral ray, somewhat in advance of the lower, the pectoral base curved downward and 
backward; third ventral ray longest, failing to reach front of anal by less than one-tenth its own 
length; inner ventral ray attached by membrane to sides of abdomen; caudal fin rounded. With the 
exception of the last dorsal and anal rays, which are forked to extreme base (better, perhaps, to .be 
considered 2 rays in each case, springing from the same basal), all the rays of the vertical fins simple; 
second, third, and fourth ventral rays forked for a short distance near their tips, all other ventral rays 
and all pectoral rays simple. 
Scales small, irregular, very thin, scarcely imbricated, their outlines not to be made out until the 
skin is dried, appearing cycloid, but each bearing at its free edge a short spine, projecting at an angle 
with surface of scale; on sides of head scales are reduced to small scattered prickles; tubes of lateral 
line 22 in number bearing no relation to the scales; lateral line straight, oblique, not curved, parallel 
with outline of back; no cirri along course of lateral line; basal half of pectoral fin bearing small scales, 
each furnished with a .minute prickle. 
Color lemon-yellow, clouded with pale brownish; fins darker; dorsal and caudal with reddish 
brown tinge; a few minute pearly spots widely scattered on sides of head and anterior part of body 
and on pectoral fin, a small spot of the same color crossing each pectoral ray near its tip. 
One specimen only was obtained. 
