646 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
of caudal fin; scales of lateral line wholly like the others, none of them bearing spines; longitudinal 
rows of scales Converging slightly toward the back. 
Color in life, olivaceous above, finely mottled with darker brown; 4 large dusky blotches on 
and below middle of sides, the last at base of lower half of caudal; smaller dark blotches occur in the 
lighter interspaces; top of head dusky, darker areas on cheeks, on anterior and upper parts of opercles, 
and on lips; a number of bright golden-yellow spots on upper parts; 1 on median line of occiput, 
1 on anterior part of opercle, 1 on opercular flap, and 1 at origin of lateral line; the remainder are 
mostly arranged in cross-series on the back, and are associated with faint darker bars, which are located 
at origin of dorsal, under fifth dorsal spine, under fourth and tenth dorsal rays, and just behind last 
dorsal ray; the yellow spots constituting these bands seem arranged in 2 longitudinal series, 1 on each 
side along dorsal profile, the other on the level of opercular flap; in the latter series occur some faintly 
marked spots intermediate between the cross-bands already indicated ; lower parts of head and body 
uniformly whitish; peritoneum blackish. 
Only the type obtained. 
Chrionema squamiceps, new species. Plate 86. 
Type, 61 mm. long, from station 4098, off north coast Maui Island, depth 95 to 152 fathoms; type, 
No. 51635, U. S. Nat. Mus. 
Differing from C. chryseres in the much more complete squamation of head, in the shorter anal fin, 
and in coloration. 
Head 35 hundredths of total length (without caudal); snout 9; eye 12; maxillary 13; interorbital 
width 2.3; greatest depth 14; least depth of caudal peduncle 5.5. D. vi-16; A. 18; P. 23; V. i, 5. 
Scales in lateral line 67 and 69 on the 2 sides; 10 iii a subvertical series between lateral line and front 
of soft dorsal. 
Snout short, flattened, longitudinally slightly concave; interorbital space narrow, transversely 
convex; mandible protruding anteriorly; teeth small, depressible, present, on jaws, vomer, and pala- 
tines, in narrow bands except on front of premaxillaries where' they form a wide patch; vomerine band 
not interrupted mesially ; palatine patches not overlapping vomer, but lying somewhat laterally at their 
anterior ends; maxillary reaching vertical from front of pupil or slightly behind that point, its tip with- 
out barbel or fleshy flap; nostrils well separated, the anterior round, the posterior a horizontal slit; gill- 
membranes wholly separate, the left overlapping; branchiostegal rays 7; gills 4, a slit behind last arch; 
pseudobranchige large; gill-rakers longer and more numerous than in C. chryseres, one-fourth the size 
of the large eye, 18 in number on horizontal limb of outer arch; angle of preopercle with 1 or 2 incon- 
spicuous short spines; opercle with 2 spines, subopercle with 1, the lower opercular spine shorter than 
the other two; 2 short “humeral” spines, as in the preceding species. 
Distance of spinous dorsal from tip of snout (36 hundreths of length) slightly greater than length 
of head; first spine the longest (15 hundreths), the last 2 more rapidly shortened than the rest, making 
upper outline of fin rounded; spines very slender and flexible, the first reaching origin of second 
dorsal, when depressed; 3 free scales on median line between fins, 5 scales from base of last spine 
to first soft ray; first and all succeeding dorsal rays branched, the last forked to the base, the first ray 
longest (15 hundredths) ; last anal ray forked to base, the others simple; base of anal fin 43 hundreths 
of length; caudal slightly concave, with the upper lobe longer than the lower; pectoral and ventral 
fins agreeing in structure with C. chryseres. 
Scales slightly larger than in chryseres, adherent, everywhere rough-ctenoid, except on breaatj as 
in chryseres, all the scales are marked with concentric rings and have no radiating ridges; head entirely 
scaled, except a narrow area on median line near tip of snout, the scaled portions including the 
preorbital, maxillary, gular membrane, mandibles, and entire lower side of head, except apparently 
the branchiostegal membranes; 6 series of scales between eye and preopercular angle; lateral line 
descending at first in a strongly convex curve to upper axil of pectorals, thence concavely to opposite 
anal fin; it runs parallel with the anal, separated from its base by 6 scales, and reaches axis of body 
only at extreme base of caudal; anterior scales of lateral line not spinous. 
Ground color light olive, whitish below, a series of 3 large V-shaped blotches on and below middle 
of side, with a smaller spot in the middle of each interspace; a black bar at base of caudal; three 
dark bars, with lighter central areas, crossing the back but failing to reach middle of sides; these are 
