970 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
The following table of measurements gives an idea of the relative dimensions of rostrum, carapace, 
and posterior dorsal spine. 
Comparing this table with the characters given by Sars we observe the following: 
“Rostrum almost twice the length of the carapace.” In very young specimens it is over twice 
the length, in large ones it is comparatively shorter, in the largest the rostrum is even absolutely 
shorter than the carapace. 
“Dorsal spine projecting to about the end of the fourth (abdominal) segment.” In larger 
specimens it does not project so far, in the smallest it projects a little farther. 
Generally speaking, we may say that with advancing age the different spines and the rostrum 
become comparatively shorter; that is to say, they retain about the absolute size they had in medium- 
sized specimens, while the rest of the body grows. Thus only our small and medium-sized specimens 
correspond more or less exactly to Sars’s description. Sars’s largest specimen (out of five) was 59 mm. 
long. 
The specimens from station 3824 are labeled “Carmine vermilion.” 
Stations: 3467, 310 fathoms, 1 female; 3471, 337 fathoms, 6 males, 3 females; 3473, 313 fathoms, 1 
female; 3474, 375 fathoms, 5 males; 3475, 351 fathoms, 2 males, 1 female; all from the southeast coast 
of Oahu. 3824, 222-498 fathoms, 1 female, and 3826, 430-371 fathoms, 2 males, 1 female; from the 
south coast of Molokai. 3907, 315-304 fathoms, 2 males; 3908, 304-308 fathoms, 1 female; 3909, 308-322 
fathoms, 6 males; 3911, 337-334 fathoms, 1 male; 3925, 323-299 fathoms, 3 males; all from the south 
coast of Oahu. 4105, 314-335 fathoms, 3 males; 4106, 335-350 fathoms, 1 male; 4107, 350-355 fathoms, 
1 male; all from Kaiwi Channel. 
Distribution . — Captured by the Challenger, off Samboangan, Philippines, 250 fathoms. 
Family EUCOPIIDAE G. 0. Sars.« 
Genus EUCOPIA Dana. 
15. Eucopia australis Dana. 
Eucopia australis Dana, U. S. Expl. Exp. Crust. 1, p. 609, pi. 11, f. 10, 1852. G. O. Sars, Rep. Voy. 
Challenger, 13, 55, pi. 9 and 10, 1885. Wood-Mason, in Ann. Nat. Hist. (6) 8, 1891, 270. 
Faxon, Mem. Mus. Harvard, 18, 1895, 218. Caiman, Trans. Roy. Irish Acad. 31, 1896, 15. 
Thompson, Catal. Crust. Pycnog. Mus. Dundee, 23, 1901. Holt & Tattersall, Rept. Fish. 
Ireland, 2, 1905; App. 4, 142. Hansen, Bull. Mus. Ocean. Monaco, 30, 1905, 5. 
Chalaraspis unguiculata Willemoes-Suhm, in Trans. Linn. Soc. London (2) 1, 1873, p. 37, pi. 8. 
The present specimen is in a very poor state of preservation, but the shape of the eyes, of the 
frontal margin, of the telson, and of the 3 anterior pairs of legs are recognizable, and agree well with 
Sars’s account of this species. It is apparently a male, no marsupial lamellae being seen. 
Station: 3887, 552-809 fathoms, north coast of Molokai Island, 1 male. 
Distribution . — Apparently cosmopolitan, in depths to about 2,000 fathoms (350 to 2,500 fathoms in 
the Atlantic according to Willemoes-Suhm). The species must go up into.shallower water occasionally, 
however, since it has been taken out of the stomach of a penguin (Dana). 
Special localities are the following: North Atlantic: Southwest coast of Ireland, 1,020 fathoms 
(Caiman) ; south of Nova Scotia, 1,250 fathoms (Sars) ; west of Azores, 1,000 fathoms (Sars). Tropical 
<*This family, no doubt, is very closely allied to the Lophogastridse , and is not separated from them by some authors 
The very peculiar differentiation Of the legs, however, is in favor of the retention of Sars’s family. 
