THE STARFISHES OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
997 
List of “ Albatross ” dredging stations at which starfishes were secured, with the species taken at each — Cont’d. 
Locality. 
Depth. 
Nature of bottom. 
Species. 
Fathoms. . 
4095 
4096 
NE. approach to Pailolo Chan- 
nel between Maui and Molo- 
kai islands. 
do 
North coast of Maui Island 
Psilaster attenuatus. 
272-286 
95-152 
Fine gray sand 
Coral sand, foraminifera, rocks. 
Astropecten pusillulus, Psilaster at- 
tenuatus, Tosia ceraxnoidea, Brisinga 
fragilis. 
Calliderma spectabilis. 
do 
do 
Kaiwi Channel between Molo- 
kai and Oahu islands. 
Northwest coast of Oahulsland. 
do 
Southwest coast of Oahulsland. 
Vicinity of Kauai Island 
do 
do 
Vicinity of Bird Island . 
do 
do 
do 
do 
Vicinity of Niihau Island . 
do 
East of Kauai Island 
130-151 
143-122 
122-132 
447-433 
Coarse sand, shells, foraminif- 
era. 
do .. 
do 
Fine sand 
Calliaster pedicellaris, Ophidiaster 
squameus, Ophidiaster tenellus, 
Coscinasterias euplecta. 
Astropecten productus, Anseropoda 
insignis, Coscinasterias euplecta. 
Astropecten productus, Calliderma 
spectabilis. 
Zoroaster spinulosus. 
154-195 
195-241 
241-282 
352-357 
68- 90 
309-257 
257-312 
324-225 
512-339 
437-632 
23- 26 
26 
33- 71 
800-313 
762-1000 
31- 39 
21- 24 
24- 40 
40- 56 
293-800 
20- 21 
21- 22 
26- 27 
451-319 
319-378 
682-508 
Coral sand, foraminifera 
do 
do 
Fine gray sand, mud 
Coarse brown coral sand, fo- 
raminifera. 
Fine gray sand 
Fine gray sand, mud 
Fine coral and volcanic sand . . 
Fine gray sand, rocks 
Volcanic sand, foraminifera . . . 
Coarse coral sand, foraminifera. 
Coral, coralline 
do 
Fine coral sand, foraminifera, 
stones. 
White mud, foraminifera, 
rocks. 
Coral, coralline 
Coarse coral sand, broken shells, 
foraminifera. 
Coral, coralline 
Coral 
do 
Coral sand, pebbles, shells 
Coral sand, foraminifera, rocks. 
Coral sand, foraminifera 
Coral 
Coral sand, foraminifera 
Gray sand, globigerina 
Coral sand, rocks, pebbles 
Gray sand, foraminifera 
Astropecten callistus. 
Patagiaster nuttingi, Antheniaster 
epixanthus, Henricia robusta. 
Astropecten pusillulus. 
Psilasteropsis cingulata, Patagiaster 
nuttingi, Mediaster ornatus. 
Asterodiscus tuberculosus, Lei as ter 
callipeplus, Ophidiaster triseriatus. 
Brisinga fragilis. 
Nereid aster bowersi. 
Do. 
Zoroaster spinulosus. 
Mediaster ornatus. 
Mithrodia bradleyi. 
Mithrodia bradleyi (aberrant). 
Leiaster callipeplus. -• 
Tosia micropelta. 
Asthenactis papyraceus. 
Mithrodia bradleyi (aberrant). 
Mithrodia bradleyi. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Leiaster callipeplus, Mithrodia brad- 
leyi. 
Henricia pauperrima, Brisinga fragilis. 
Astropecten polyacanthus, Luidia ' 
hystrix. 
Mithrodia bradleyi. 
Do. 
Brisinga panopla, Brisinga alberti. 
Brisinga panopla. 
Evoplosoma forcipifera. 
RELATIONSHIPS OF THE HAWAIIAN STARFISH FAUNA- 
The Hawaiian Islands are of peculiar interest to a student of distribution, from 
the fact that they occupy such an isolated position and because they are surrounded 
on all sides by very deep water. Since the islands constitute a great mountain range 
rising from abyssmal depths, the sedentary and sluggish creatures that live at or near 
the top of this plateau occupy a position somewhat analogous to that of an alpine 
fauna on an equally isolated mountain range of some continent. Of course the great 
depths do not afford perfect barriers, since the larvse of most marine invertebrates 
are swept about by ocean currents. With reference to the starfishes alone, it would 
appear that those forms which live at the shore or in very shallow water are slower 
to change under segregation than the species which dwell at a moderate or consid- 
erable depth. Or it may be that the latter is an older fauna, for it is true that every 
species is peculiar to the region. A number of shallow-water forms also are peculiar. 
