1006 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION, 
somewhat flattened spines, placed at upper end of plate. The upper spine is longer, and the 2 form a 
double, lateral, longitudinal series 1 to ray. Below the innermost spine along aboral margin of plate 
are 3 spinules, the upper placed close to the lower lateral spine and the others widely spaced. The 
first plate lacks, the 2 lateral spines, but possesses the 3 lower spinules. A short, odd spinule is often 
found immediately adoral to the lower lateral spine. The 2 spines and 3 spinules of each plate form a 
single transverse series. Plates are covered with small, flattened papilliform granules or spinelets, 
which by reason of their standing out from the plates do not give the impression of being squamiform. 
Adam bulacral armature consists of a furrow series of 3 long, slender, somewhat flattened spinelets, 
of which the median is much the longest; and on actinal surface, a group of 3 flattened, round-tipped or 
truncate spinelets, placed in a more or less regular longitudinal series. Of the latter, 2 are slender, 
while the third, near aboral margin, is larger and flatter. Near base of ray the actinal group may 
have as many as 6 spinelets, placed usually in 3 rows of 2 each (due to a shortening of the plate), but 
one spinel et is always conspicuously the largest. 
Armature of the ovoid mouth plates consists of a marginal series of 10 or 11 slender, obtuse spine- 
lets, which increase in length toward inner angle, where 2 are enlarged (the innermost longest), form- 
ing, with those of the companion plate, a horizontal fan-shaped series of slightly flattened blunt teeth. 
The marginal series extends a little more than halfway to outer end of plate, and its spinelets usually 
stand out over furrow. The superficial series consists of about 10 similar, usually blunter, spinelets, 
arranged along suture margin, so that a conspicuous, unarmed furrow is left on inner half of plate, 
between it and the marginal series, and on the outer half between superficial series and first adambu- 
lacral plate. 
Actinal interradial areas small, there being but 4 small intermediate plates bearing a group of 
delicate and slender spinelets. 
Madreporic body obscured by paxilke. 
Color in life: abactinal paxillar area reddish sepia, becoming burnt sienna toward tips of rays. 
Marginal plates pale yellowish-brown edged with darker; lateral spines whitish. Actinal surface 
whitish. 
Young: From the presence of an epiproctal elevation on all the specimens I seriously doubt their 
being fully adult. There is a small example with a major radius of 9 mm., which lacks entirely the spine 
on each first superomarginal plate, and also the tubercle on the outer superomarginals. The lateral 
spines of the inferomarginals are small, and there is no trace of the 3 aboral spinules. A very promi- 
nent epiproctal cone is present. 
Variations: A larger specimen (R=21 mm.) from Penguin Bank has much less massive marginal 
plates than the example from Hilo Bay used in the above diagnosis, but the armature is essentially the 
same. 
Locality: Station 3849, between Molokai and Lanai Islands, 73-43 fathoms, coarse sand, broken 
shell, coral; 1 specimen. Station 4031, Penguin Bank, south coast of Oahu Island, 27 fathoms, fine 
coral sand, coral, and foraminifera; 2 specimens. Station 4055, Hilo Bay, Hawaii, 50 fathoms, fine 
gray sand and foraminifera; 1 specimen. 
This form is readily distinguished from the preceding by the single erect spine on the first supero- 
marginal plate. The species is as near to velitaris as to any described form, although the small tubercles 
on the outer superomarginals are not typical. 
Astropecten ctenophorus, new species. 
PI. i, figs. 4, 5; pi. II, figs. 3, 3a-d. 
There is a small Astropecten, dredged in 130 fathoms, near Laysan Island, which belongs near 
Astropecten pectinatus Sladen, from Australian waters (Port Jackson, off the entrance to. Port Philip, 
East Moncceur Island, Bass Strait, in 6 to 40 fathoms). It differs from this species, however, in 
several well-marked characters, which can not be accounted for because of a difference in size. I 
would hardly feel justified in bestowing a name upon such a small specimen, did it not belong to a 
small section of the genus— that division characterized by having a small spine on every supero- 
marginal, and a lateral, oblique comb of 3 to 5 spines on each inferomarginal. 
Rays 5. R=12 mm.; r=4 mm. R=3 r. Breadth of ray at base, 4.5 mm. 
