THE STARFISHES OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
1033 
Actinal interradial areas small; there are apparently about 4 plates, each bearing a tuft of long 
slender spinelets surrounding a central spine. 
Madreporic body hidden by paxillse. 
Color in life: Above, cream color, mottled with burnt sienna and chocolate; below, white. Spines 
white. Ambulacral feet whitish, with sucking disks of orange yellow. In young individuals the 
chocolate color tends to form 3 cross bands on arms, a broad one near tip, one about the middle of 
ray, and the third at base; the last connects with an indefinite ring of mottling about disk. Center of 
disk brown. 
Young: In very young individuals the abactinal spinules are entirely absent, as might be expected. 
The smallest specimen has R=15 mm., and r=6.5 mm.; 10 rays. Another young specimen, slightly 
larger, has a smaller disk and 8 rays. In the young the inferomarginal and adambulacral spines are 
relatively smaller than in the adult, the outermost spine of the former series being the largest, the 
remainder quite insignificant. Pedicellarise are entirely absent. In a specimen with 11=73 mm., the 
abactinal spinules have appeared on all the series of paxillse, upon which they are present in the 
adult; but the spinules are much smaller than in the fully adult. Judging from a slightly smaller 
specimen than this, the spinules appear first on the innermost regular series of paxillse, and thence 
spread over the rest, never appearing on the marginal row. Most of the regular series have subquad- 
rate paxillse, which become more and more rounded toward median radial line. The inferomarginal 
spines are practically like those of the adult, the innermost 2 being a little weaker. On these inter- 
-mediate specimens the adambulacral armature is as in the adult, except that pedicellarise are very 
much less numerous. 
Localities: Type (no. 21153, U. S. National Museum) from station 3876, Auau Channel, between 
Maui and Lanai islands, 28 to 43 fathoms, sand and gravel; bottom temperature, 74°. Taken also at 
the following stations, 11 specimens in all: 
Record of localities. 
Station. 
Locality. 
Depth. 
Nature of bottom. 
Pailolo Channel 
Fathoms. 
30-52 
55-50 
27-28 
27- 29 
28- 14 
20-21 
Fine sand, small pebbles, coral. 
Coral fragments, coarse coral sand. 
Coral, fine coral sand, foraminifera. 
Do. 
Do. 
Coral sand, foraminifera. 
3987 
Southeast of Kauai Island 
4031 
4032 
Penguin Bank, south of Oahu Island 
do 
4034 
..do 
4168 
Vicinity of Bird Island 
This species is most nearly related to Luidia aspera Sladen, taken by the Challenger Expedition off 
Samboagan, and Tablas Island, Philippine Group, and north of Admiralty Island, the vertical range 
being 10 to 150 fathoms. Both species are related to Luidia maculata Muller and Troschel, as well as 
to the following species, Luidia magnifica. Luidia hystrix differs from aspera in the character of the 
adambulacral armature and abactinal paxillse. In aspera only 3 inner rows of paxillse are spiniferous. 
Our species has an extra spine to the adambulacral armature, and fewer pedicellarise, there being 
never 2 between the inferomarginal and adambulacral spines as in aspera. 
A young specimen was found to have engulfed a young sea-urchin and a small colony of polyzoa. 
Luidia magnifica, new species. 
PI. xv, figs. 1-3; pi. xvi, figs. 1, la. 
Rays 10. R=330 mm.; r=41 mm.; R=8r. Breadth of ray at widest part, near base, 37 mm. 
The outer third of the two unbroken arms has been regenerated, and although they are nearly the 
diameter of basal portion, they are probably considerably shorter than in life. 
Rays very elongate in proportion to disk; considerably wider about 30 mm. from base than 
directly at junction with disk. They taper very gradually to a bluntly pointed extremity, and are 
robust, depressed, with well rounded sides. Abactinal surface capable of inflation, but flattened on 
disk; convex on rays, but flattened or even slightly concave along median radial area. Actinal sur- 
face with rounded borders. Ambulacral furrow wide, the tube feet very long, with comparatively 
small, ovoid sucking disks. Pedicellarise very numerous on actinal surface. 
